VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN Khái niệm Thì khứ đơn Thì đơn diễn đạt hay nhiều hành động xảy kết thúc khứ, không cịn liên hệ với Cách dùng Thì khứ đơn Thì khứ đơn dùng để diễn tả: a Hành động xảy chấm dứt thời điểm xác định khứ Eg: I met her yesterday (Hôm qua gặp cô ấy.) Cách dùng thường với trạng từ thời gian khứ như: last week/ month/ year (tuần trước, tháng trước, năm trước)… , ago, yesterday (hôm qua) …… b Hành động xảy suốt thời gian khứ, hoàn toàn chấm dứt Eg: They lived with us for a year several years ago (Họ sống với chúng tơi vịng năm nhiều năm trước đây.) c Một loạt hành động xảy khứ Eg: I washed my face, dressed up and went to school (Tôi rửa mặt, mặc quần áo tới trường.) d Hành động theo thói quen khứ khơng cịn Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Eg: When I was small, I used to like ice-cream so much (Khi cịn bé, tơi thích kem.) Cách dùng thường với used to (đã thường) Cấu trúc Thì khứ đơn (+) Khẳng định Động từ “to be” Động từ thường I/ He/ She/ It + was + …… Eg: I was at home yesterday (Hôm qua nhà.) I/ He/ She/ It + Ved + …… Eg: I liked ice-cream (Tơi thích kem.) You/ We/ They + were + …… Eg: They were late yesterday (Hôm qua họ trễ giờ.) She/ He/ It + Vs/es Eg: He got up early although it was Sunday (Cậu thức dậy sớm dù Chủ Nhật.) (-) Phủ định Động từ “to be” Động từ thường I/ He/ She/ It + was not (wasn’t) + I/ He/ She/ It + did not (didn’t) + V nguyên …… thể Eg: She was not present at class Eg: I didn’t live with my parents (Cô khơng có mặt lớp.) (Tơi khơng sống bố mẹ.) You/ We/ They + were not (weren’t) + You/ We/ They + did not (didn’t) + V …… nguyên thể Eg: We weren’t engineers Eg: She didn’t like him (Chúng kĩ sư.) (Chúng tơi khơng thích cậu ta.) (?) Nghi vấn Động từ “to be” Động từ thường (Từ để hỏi) + was + I/ he/ she/ it? Eg: Was the train ten minutes late? (Có phải tàu chậm 10 phút khơng?) (Từ để hỏi) + + I/ you/ we/ they + V nguyên thể? Eg: Did she live here? (Cô sống à?) Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack (Từ để hỏi) + were + you/ we/ they? Eg: Were you a student at that school? (Có phải bạn học sinh trường không? (Từ để hỏi) + does + he/ she/ it + V nguyên thể? Eg: What did he with the dog? (Cậu làm chó vậy?) Cách thêm “-ed” vào động từ Thì khứ đơn Động từ nguyên thể Cách chuyển Động từ kết thúc tận Thêm “d” cùng: e; ee Ví dụ Live – lived (sống) Agree – agreed (đồng ý) Động từ kết thúc nguyên âm + phụ âm (trừ h, w, x, y) Động từ kết thúc phụ âm + y Gấp đôi phụ âm Fit – fitted (phù hợp) thêm “ed” Stop – stopped (ngừng) Động từ lại Thêm “-ed” Đổi “y” thành “i” Study – studied (học) thêm “ed” Try – tried (thử) Work – worked (làm việc) Learn – learned (học) Một số động từ bất quy tắc thường gặp cần học thuộc: Động từ nguyên thể Động từ khứ đơn Nghĩa tiếng Việt be become was/ were became thì, là, trở thành begin blow began blew bắt đầu thổi bring brought mang buy catch bought caught mua bắt choose come chose came lựa chọn đến cut cut cắt drink did drank làm uống eat ate ăn Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack feel felt cảm thấy find found tìm go have went had có keep know kept knew giữ biết make made tạo meet met gặp Cách phát âm động từ đuôi “ed” Đọc /id/ động từ kết thúc /t/ /d/ Wanted /ˈwɑːntɪd/ Added /ædɪd/ Đọc /t/ động từ kết thúc phụ âm vô Picked /pɪkt/ thanh: /s/, /f/, /p/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /k/ động từ có Hoped /hoʊpt/ từ phát âm cuối “s” Đọc /id/ với động từ lại Cried /kraɪd/: Khóc Smiled /smaɪld/: Cười Played /pleɪd/: Chơi Dấu hiệu nhận biết Thì khứ đơn Các trạng từ thời gian khứ: Yesterday Ago Last When I was …… Eg: I called him last night (Tôi qua gọi cho cậu ấy.) Bài tập Thì khứ đơn Exercise Chia động từ ngoặc để hoàn thành câu sau I (eat) ate dinner at six o’clock yesterday A: _ Helen (drive) _ to work? – B: Yes, she _ Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack My neighbor (buy) _ a new car last week They (go) _ to Italy on their last summer holiday A: _ they (swim) _ at the beach? – B: No, they My family and I (see) _ a comedy movie last night Đáp án: Did / drive / did bought went Did / swim / didn’t saw Exercise Chuyển câu từ đơn sang khứ đơn Does she buy the newspaper in the shop over there? Did she buy the newspaper in the shop over there? He goes to the swimming pool because he likes swimming They have dinner at nine o´clock Helen eats too many sweets I buy the newspaper in the shop We get up at eight o´clock and go to school Đáp án: He went to the swimming pool because he liked swimming They had dinner at nine o´clock Helen ate too many sweets I bought the newspaper in the shop We got up at eight o´clock and went to school Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Exercise Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to complete the following passages Albert Maltz was a progressive American writer He was (be) born in 1908 He wrote (write) his first play “Peace on Earth” in 1943 It was (be) against wars, so the American police arrested (arrest) him and put (put) him in prison in 1950 Ha … (come) back a moment ago and … (turn) the television on very loudly My son … (sleep) then , so I …… (tell) her to turn it off Last Friday was a holiday I … (not have) to go to classes I … (sleep) a little later than usual Around ten, my friend Larry …… (come) over to my apartment We … (pack) a picnic basket and then … (take) the bus to Forest Park We … (spend) most of the day there Mary and John are neighbors They have known each other for several years Mary … (move) into her house in 1985, and John has lived next door since he …… (come) to the area in 1980 Dennis Heal is a politician He … (go) to Oxford University in 1950 and … (become) a member of Parliament for the Labor Party in 1957 He has been an MP since then He … (write) three story books including his autobiography He is married to the artist, Adna Heal , they …… (have) two children They … (live) in Oxford for 15 years, then …… (move) to London in 1970 They now … (live) in Cadogan Square in central London Đáp án: came – turned – slept – told didn’t have – slept – came – packed – took – spent moved – came went – became – wrote – had – lived – moved - live Exercise Lựa chọn điền dạng từ teach cook want spend ring be sleep study go write The telephone rang several times and then stopped before I could answer it She… out with her boyfriend last night Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Laura… a meal yesterday afternoon Mozart… more than 600 pieces of music I… tired when I came home The bed was very comfortable so they… very well Jamie passed the exam because he… very hard My father… the teenagers to drive when he was alive Dave… to make a fire but there was no wood The little boy… hours in his room making his toys Đáp án: went cooked wrote was tired slept studied taught wante spent Exercise Hồn thành câu sau dạng q khứ đơn and Mrs James/ come back home/ and/ have/ lunch/ late/ last night? Did Mr and Mrs James come back home and have lunch late last night? It/ be/ cloudy/ yesterday In 1990/ we/ move/ to another city When/ you/ get/ the first gift? She/ not/ go/ to the church/ five days ago How/ be/ he/ yesterday? Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Đáp án: It was cloudy yesterday In 1990, we moved to another city./ We moved to another city in 1990 When did you get the first gift? She did not go to the church five days ago./ She didn’t go to the church five days ago How was he yesterday? Exercise Complete the paragraph with the past simple It happened (happen) two years ago when I was skiing in Austria It was a horrible day because it … (1 snow) and I … (2 can’t see) anything I … (3 not want) to ski but my friend said, “Come on This is our last day We must go.” So I went I didn’t in conditions like that before so when my friends … (4 decide) to go right up to the top of the mountain, I … (5 not join) them After about half an hour by myself , I … (6 stop) because I was cold and wet I … (7 get) into the cable car to go down to the village and my wonderful warm hotel when I … (8 slip) on some ice I fell, and my skis fell on top of me I … (9 hear) a terrible noise and knew something bad happened My leg (10 be) broken What a way of ending a holiday! Đáp án: snowed couldn’t see didn’t want decided didn’t join stopped got slipped heard 10 was Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack VietJack.com Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Youtube: Học Cùng VietJack