52 Patterns of Proposition

52 Patterns of Proposition 52 Patterns of Proposition Mr Anh 1 S + Intensive V (BE) + C Ex The book is new 1 IS NEW, THE BOOK 2 S + Other intensive V + C Ex The screw worked loose 1 WORKED LOOSED, THE[.]

52 Patterns of Proposition Mr Anh S + Intensive V (BE) + C Ex: The book is new IS NEW, THE BOOK S + Other intensive V + C Ex: The screw worked loose WORKED LOOSED, THE SCREW S + Vintrans Ex: The dog ran RAN, THE DOG S+ verbsmonotrans + O Ex: The dog ate food ATE, THE DOG, FOOD S + vditrans + Oi + Od Ex: The dog gave milk to the puppies GAVE, THE DOG, THE MILK TO THE PUPPIES S + vmonotrans + PP + Od Ex: They talked about the story TALKED, THEY, ABOUT THE STORY S + vditrans + Oi + PP + Od Ex: The story reminds me of London REMINDS, THE STORY, ME OF LONDON S + vcomplex Trans + O + C Ex: The boy calls me Alice CALLS, THE BOY, ME,WHAT WHAT= ALICE Notes: The complement can be nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositional phrases, bare infinitives, full infinitives, present participles, past participles (nine forms) S + vtrans + To V (phrase) Notes: It is the nonfinite in the sentence Ex: The dog wanted to eat food WANTED, THE DOG TO EAT, (THE DOG), FOOD 10 S + vtrans + O + To V (plus Object) The object is the subject in the non-finite clause Ex: The mother wanted the boy to eat food WANTED, THE MOTHER, THE BOY TO EAT, (THE BOY), FOOD 11 S + vtrans + (To) V Ex: I helped raise my brothers and sisters HELPED, I (TO) RAISE, (I), MY BROTHERS (TO) RAISE, (I), MY SISTERS 12 S + vtrans + O + (To) V The object is the subject in the non-finite clause Ex: I helped my parents raise my brothers and sisters HELPED, I, MY PARENTS (TO) RAISE, (MY PARENTS), MY BROTHERS (TO) RAISE, (MY PARENTS), MY SISTERS 13 Present participles Ex: He is jogging IS JOGGING, HE 14 Gerunds Notes: Gerunds may play the roles of subjects, objects, complements, Prepositional gerund Subject, Gerund + object as subject ( acting like a verb), Gerund + object as object (acting like a verb), Gerund + object inside prepositional phrase Ex: Cooking takes time TAKES, COOKING, TIME 15 Phrasal Verbs They are also called two-word verbs Phrasal Ex: I grew up in Long Beach GREW UP, I (PHRASAL) IN LONG BEACH Non-phrasal Ex: I went to the park WENT, I, WHERE WHERE = TO THE PARK 16 Tenses, Modals and Aspectual Markers The verbs or the verb phrases are considered one ideas Ex: The cat could jump COULD JUMP, THE CAT Ex: He wouldn’t be caught dead in the field now WOULD BE CAUGHT, HE, DEAD NEG N’T IN THE FIELD NOW Ex: I had to go HAD TO GO, I ... YEARS I THINK 18 Direct Quotes using Verbs of Communication The introductory verbs of communication are say, tell, shout, whisper, etc They denote the manner of speaking, and may introduce reported... HAD TO GO, I 17 Mental Process Verbs and Verbs of Communication They are: think, feel, believe, discover, hope, remember, like, guess and verbs of communication such as say, state, scream, etc... TALKED, THEY, ABOUT THE STORY S + vditrans + Oi + PP + Od Ex: The story reminds me of London REMINDS, THE STORY, ME OF LONDON S + vcomplex Trans + O + C Ex: The boy calls me Alice CALLS, THE BOY,