Period 1: THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN

Period 1 THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN GV Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 1 THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN A Công thức * Đối với động từ thường Khẳng định I/ You / We / They/ CN số nhiều + V (Nguyên mẫu) She/ he /[.]

GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 1: THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN A_ Cơng thức: * Đối với động từ thường: _ Khẳng định: I/ You / We / They/ CN số nhiều + V (Nguyên mẫu) She/ he / it/ CN số + V–es/ V–s _ Phủ định: I/ You / We / They/ CN số nhiều + donotV (Nguyên mẫu) She/ he / it/ CN số + doesnot + V(nguyên mẫu) _ Nghi vấn: Do + I/ You / We / They/ CN số nhiều + V (Nguyên mẫu)? Does She/ he / it/ CN số + + V(nguyên mẫu)? Do / does + S + V(nguyên mẫu)?  Đối với động từ “to be” đơn ta có dạng Khẳng định: I + am You/ we/ they/ CN số nhiều + are She /he/ it/ CN số + is Phủ định: Thêm “not” sau “am / is/ are” Nghi vấn: Đặt “Am/ is/ are” trước chủ ngữ  Đối với động từ “To have” ngơi thứ số ta khơng thêm “_S/ _ES” mà chuyển thành “has” (She has a new house) B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Để diễn tả thói quen việc xảy có tính chất thường xuyên thông lệ Trong câu thường có trạng từ như: often ; usually; always; sometimes; seldom; on Mondays; On Sundays; everyday; every Monday; every summer We come to school on time everyday My mother always gets up early Does Mr Green go to work five days a week? _ Yes, he does We not go to school on Sundays 2_ Để diễn tả thật hiển nhiên, chân lý: The earth goes round the sun 3_ Dùng để nói thời khóa biểu hay chương trình: The film begins at 8p.m 4_Dùng mệnh đề điều kiện câu điều kiện loại I mệnh đề điều kiện thời gian C_ Cách thêm đuôi “_s” hay “_es” sau động từ: 1_ Thông thường thêm đuôi _S sau động từ ngơi thứ số ít: work _ works play _ plays change _ changes 2_ Những động từ kết thúc _CH; _SH; _ SS; _X hay _O ta thêm đuôi _es watch _ watches wash _ washes finish _ finishes 3_ Những động từ kết thúc “Y” mà trước phụ âm ta chuyển “Y” thành “I” sau thêm _es: carry _ carries fly _ flies D_ Cách phát âm đuôi s es: - Những động từ tận âm /p,k,t,f,0/ thêm ‘s’ đọc thêm âm /s/ VD: gets, works… - Những động từ tận âm /s, z, x, tS, S, dz/ thêm ‘es’ đọc thêm âm /iz/ - Ngồi trường hợp động từ cịn lại thêm ‘s, es” đọc thêm âm /z/ E_ Bài tập: Chia động từ ngoặc Hiện đơn: He (be ) a doctor She (watch) television every day We (not, go) to school on Sundays you often (get up) early? My mother usually (buy) vegetables in this market My friend and I often (go) to school by bike My girlfriend (not, be) a beautiful girl The concert often (begins) at 7pm My father (have) coffee for breakfast every day 10 The students never (work) hard Tµi liƯu «n thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 2: THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN A_ Công thức: _ Khẳng định: I We/ You/ They He/ She/It CN + am/ is/ are Am/ Is/ Are + + am + are + is + not + CN + + V-ing(thêm đuôi “ing”) _ Phủ định: V-ing _ Nghi vấn: V-ing ? B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả việc xảy ra, diễn tiến Trong câu thường có trạng từ : now(bây giờ); at present; at the moment My father is planting flowers in the garden Look! The pupils are playing football We are not cooking now 2_ Diễn tả đặt chắn tương lai gần: I am meeting Peter tonight 3_ Diễn tả việc tượng xảy có tính chất tạm thời: He usually reads newspapers but today he is reading a magazine C_ Chú ý: Một số động từ khơng sử dụng tiếp diễn phải chuyển chúng đơn: 1_ Động từ giác quan: hear(nghe); see(nhận thấy; thấy); smell(bốc mùi); taste(có vị) 2_ Động từ tình cảm, cảm xúc: like; hate(ghét); dislike(khơng thích); love; need; want 3_ Động từ hoạt động tinh thần: agree(đồng ý); believe(tin tưởng); forget(quên); know(biết); remember(nhớ); understand(hiểu) 4_ Động từ sở hữu số động từ khác: have(có); own(sở hữu); belong(thuộc về); appear(có vẻ); seem (dường như) D_ Bài tập: Chia động từ ngoặc Hiện đơn hay Hiện tiếp diễn: 1/ I (have) coffee for breakfast every day 2/ My brother (work) in a shoe store this summer 3/ The student (look) _ up that new word now 4/ She (go) to school every day 5/ We (do) this exercise at the moment 6/ Miss Helen (read) _ a newspaper now 7/ It (rain) very much in the summer It (rain) _ now 8/ Bad students never (work) hard 9/ He generally (sing) in English, but today he (sing) in Spanish 10/ We seldom (eat) before 6.30 11/ She sometimes (buy) _ vegetables at his market 12/ Be quiet The baby (sleep) 13/ We always (do) _ our exercises carefully 14/ Look A man (run) _ after the train He (want) _ to catch it 15/ It (be) very cold now 16/ John (travel) to England tomorrow 17/ I (need) some money for my textbooks 18/ Tom (like) to go to the museums 19/ Mary (love) ice-cream 20/ My mother (cook) _ some food in the kitchen at present She always (cook) in the mornings 21/ I often (leave) the city at weekends 22/ The guests (watch) the TV programmes now 23/ I (see) _ you (wear) _ your best clothes 24/ The sun (set) _ in the west 25/ My friend (study) English for an hour every night Tài liệu ôn thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 3: THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH A_ Công thức: _ Khẳng định: He/ She/It/ CN số + has + V(past participle) I/ We/ You/ They/ CN số nhiều + have + V(past participle) _ Phủ định: S(chủ ngữ) + has/ have + not + V(past participle) _ Nghi vấn: Has/ Have + S(chủ ngữ) + V(past participle) ? Chú ý: past participle (quá khứ phân từ) động từ : _ Nếu động từ hợp qui ta thêm đuôi _ED sau động từ (V- ed) _ Nếu động từ bất qui ta lấy động từ cột thứ bảng động từ bất qui B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả việc khứ mà thời điểm không xác định rõ Thường dùng với trạng từ sau: already(đã rồi); recently = lately(gần đây); ever(đã từng); never(chưa bao giờ) He has already done his homework (Anh ta làm xong tập nhà) Have you bought a new TV recently? _ Diễn tả việc xảy khứ kết Thường dùng với yet: Have you seen Tom yet? We have cleaned the room Look! It is very clean 2_ Thường dùng với “just” để việc vừa xảy ra: My father has just gone out 3_ Diễn tả hành động hay việc bắt đầu khứ mà tiếp tục Thường dùng với giới từ since(từ khi; kể từ) hay for(trong thời gian) We have leaned English for years My sister has been sick since yesterday (Bây cịn ốm) _ Thỉnh thoảng việc dừng thời điểm nói: Nice to meet you I haven’t seen you for a long time Chú ý : for + khoảng thời gian: two hours; 3days; 4months Since+ điểm thời gian: 1990; Sunday; o’clock 4_Diễn tả hành động lặp lặp lại nhiều lần khứ: I have seen this film several times - Dùng HTHT sau từ cấp so sánh cao nhất: It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen - Dùng với This morning/ week/ month/ term…khi khoảng thời gian lúc nói: Eg: I’ve smoked 10 cigaretteùs today / I haven’t seen Tom this morning.Have you? Ngoài có số cụm từ thời gian : so far = until now = up to now ,how long ? It is the first / second / third … time, twice / many / three… times C_Bài tập: Chia động từ ngoặc HTHT: I (try) to learn English for years, but I (not succeed) yet That book (lie) on the table for weeks You (not read) it yet? He (not, be) here since Christmas He (write) a novel for two years, but he (not, finish) it yet I (see) that film several times because I like it Jack (look) no trouble with my English lesson up to now We ( study) almost every lesson in this book so far How long you (learn) English? Tom (never, be) in Hanoi 10 I am sorry I (forget) that girl’s name already Tµi liƯu «n thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 4:THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN A_ Công thức: _ Khẳng định: S (chủ ngữ) + V- ed (động từ hợp qui) + V(cột 2) (động từ bất qui) S (chủ ngữ) + did not + V(nguyên mẫu) Did + S(chủ ngữ) + V(nguyên mẫu)? _ Phủ định: _ Nghi vấn: Chú ý:  Đối với động từ “to be” khứ đơn ta có dạng Khẳng định: I / She /he/ it/ CN số + was You/ we/ they/ CN số nhiều + were B_ Cách dùng: Để diễn tả việc xảy thời điểm xác định khứ Thường với từ thời gian: Yesterday last night/ Sunday ago Yesterday morning/ afternoon/ evening last week/ month/ year Two days ago last summer/ winter in 1998 We watched a good film on TV last night Hoặc thời gian hỏi đến: When did you see him? C_ Cách thêm đuôi –ed vào sau động từ có quy tắc: - Thơng thường thêm –ed vào sau động từ có quy tắc: work – worked - Nếu động từ có quy tắc tận “e” thêm “d” thơi: die – died - Nếu động từ có quy tắc tận “y” mà trước phụ âm đổi “y” thành “i” thêm –ed: study – studied - Nếu động từ có quy tắc có âm tiết tận phụ âm trước phụ âm ngun âm gấp đơi phụ âm cuối lên trước thêm –ed: stop – stopped - Nếu động từ có quy tắc có âm tiết tận phụ âm trước phụ âm ngun âm gấp đơi phụ âm cuối lên trước thêm –ed: permit – permitted - Nếu động từ tận ‘l’, trước nguyên âm đơn ta nhân đơi ‘l’ lên thêm ‘ed’: travel – travelled D _ Cách phát âm đuôi –ed:  Đäc lµ /id/ sau tõ tËn cïng b»ng ©m /d/ hc /t/ need – needed decide – decided want – wanted start – started  Đäc lµ /t/ sau tõ tËn cïng b»ng ©m /k/, /p/, /f/, /s/, /∫/, /t∫/, /θ/, /ks/ wash – washed book – booked stop – stopped watch – watched fax – faxed  ọc /d/ sau từ tận âm lại play played plan planned offer offered bathe – bathed call – called * C¸c tÝnh từ tận ED đuôi ED đợc phát âm nh cách phát âm động từ có quy tắc Tuy nhiên, số tính từ cổ tận -ed, số trạng từ tận -edly, -ed đợc phát âm /id/ Adjectives:/id/ naked : kháa th©n crooked : cong, o»n ragged : nhµu, cị wretched : khèn khỉ rugged : gå ghỊ learned : uyên bác Adverbs: /id/ deservedly : xứng đáng supposedly: cho markedly : cách rõ ràng, đáng chó ý allegedly : cho r»ng E – Bài tập:Chia động từ ngoặc khứ đơn: We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday My wife and I (travel) to London by air last summer I (have) a little trouble with my car last week What you (do) yesterday? Our teacher (tell)us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970 Tµi liƯu «n thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga We (wacth) a good programme on TV last night I (meet) Mary last night I (see) him weeks ago She (lose) her handbag on the train yesterday morning 10 They (begin) to study at this school years ago Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 5: THÌ Q KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN A_ Cơng thức: _ Khẳng định: I/ He/ She/It/ CN số + was + V-ing We/ You/ They/ CN số nhiều + were + V-ing _ Phủ định: S(chủ ngữ) + was/ were + not + V-ing _ Nghi vấn: Was/ Were + S(chủ ngữ) + V-ing ? B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả việc xảy thời điểm xác định khứ: What were you doing at five o’clock yesterday evening? I was doing exercises between four and five o’clock last Sunday afternoon 2_ Kết hợp với khứ đơn để diễn tả việc diễn khứ việc khứ khác xảy ra: When I was watching T.V, My friend came Thì khứ tiếp diễn Thì khứ đơn 3_Diễn tả hai hành động xảy song song lúc khứ: Yesterday while my mother was cooking dinner, my father was watching TV C – So sánh Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ tiếp diễn: + Thì Simple Past (Quá Khứ Đơn) dùng để hành động ngắn (thình lình) xảy khứ - I met him in the street yesterday + Thì Past Continuous (Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn) dùng để hành động kéo dài khứ tương ứng với hành động khác khứ - I met him while he was crossing the street - She was going home when she saw an accident + Thì Past Continuous diễn tả hành động kéo dài điểm thời gian xác định khứ hai hành động liên tiếp song song với - My father was watching TV at o’clock last night - I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV D- Bài tập:Chia động từ ngoặc khứ đơn hay khứ tiếp diễn: 1/ He (sit) in a bar when I (see) him 2/ When I (go) out, the sun (shine) 3/ The light (go) out while I (have) tea 4/ When it (rain) , she(carry) an umbrella 5/ We (walk) to the station when it (begin) to rain 6/ He (teach) English for months when he (live) in Germany and (work) as a journalist 7/ The house (burn) fast, so we (break) the window to get out 8/ He (eat) three sandwiches while you (talk) to him 9/ The servant (drop) two cups while she (wash up) last night; neither of them (break) 10/ While I (write) a letter, the telephone (ring) ; as he (go) to answer it, he (hear) a knock on the door; the telephone (still, ring) while he (walk) to the door, but just as he (open) it, it (stop) Tµi liƯu «n thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 6: Exercises 1) He for London one year ago A left B has left C leaves D had left 2) She in Hue for twenty years A lives B has lived C lived D will live 3) I to the market with my mother yesterday A go B went C have gone D was going 4) What you , Nam? – I’m thinking of my mother A do/think B are/ thinking C have/thought D were/thinking 5) How long you her? – For five months A do/know B are/knowing C have/ known D had/known 6) I usually to school by bus A went B am going C go D have gone 7) Yesterday morning I up at 6.30 A got B get C was getting D had got 8) Please don’t make so much noise I A studying B study C am studying D studied 9) Water at 100 degrees Celsius A boils B boiled C is boiling D will boil 10) It is raining now It began raining two hours ago So it for two hours A rains B is raining C has rained D rained 11) you out last night? A did/ go B Do/go C Have/gone D Were/going 12) This house 35,000 pounds in 1980 A cost B costs C had cost D was cost 13) While Tom tennis, Ann a shower A played/took B playing/taking C was playing/ was taking D was play/was take 14) She until you are ready A didn’t come B isn’t coming C won’t come D doesn’t come 15) When they in the garden, the phone A worked/was ringing B was working/ rang C worked/rang D work/rings 16) I here until he answers me A stay B will stay C am staying D have stayed 17) They tea when the doorbell A have/is ringing B were having/ rang C had had/ rang D having/ringing 18) Father his pipe while mother a magazine A smoked/read B had smoked/ read C was smoking/ was reading D smoking/reading 19) When I into the office, my boss for me A came/ was waiting B had come/waited C was coming/waited D came/waiting 20) When I Brian, he a taxi A see/drives B saw/ was driving C see/was driving D saw/is driving 21) When he , we dinner A arrived/having B was arriving/had C arrived/ were having D had arrived/had 22) While they chess, we the shopping A playing/doing B played/did B were playing/doing D were playing/ were doing 23) They football when the lights in the stadium out A were playing/ went B were playing/ was going C played/was going D playing/went 24) While George and John their room, she the ironing Tµi liƯu «n thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn A cleaning/doing B were cleaning/doing C were cleaning/ was doing D cleaning/was doing 25) Today is Thursday and she late twice this week She late yesterday and on Monday A is/was B has been/is C has been/ was D has been/had been 26) He in the same house since 1975 A has lived B is living C lived D had lived 27) We him since he married A didn’t see/got B don’t/get C haven’t seen/ got D hadn’t seen/got 28) It for two hours and the ground is too wet to play tennis A is raining B had rained C has rained D was raining 29) He to HCMC last year and I him since then A moved/didn’t see B moved/ haven’t seen C moves/haven’t seen D moved/hadn’t seen 30) We what to with the money yet A not decide B haven’t decided C didn’t decide D hadn’t decided 31) My father as a teacher for thirty years A works B is working C worked D has worked 32) He to New York three times this year A had been B was C has been D is 33) I how to dance when I six years old A don’t know / was B didn’t know / am C didn’t know/ was D haven’t known/was 34) Last month my brother me his photos He me his photos every year A sends/sent B sent/ sends C sent/sent D sends/sends 35) Nam is a careful driver but yesterday he carelessly A drove B had driven C drives D was driving 36) Do you like swimming, Ba? – I when I was a child but not now A B did C have done D had done 37) I her at the school gate yesterday A met B meet C had met D am meeting 38) She English when she was six years old A learned B has learned C is learning D had learned 39) I don’t remember where and when I her A meet B had met C met D have met 40) They to know each other for more than ten years A get B got C have got D had got 41) you that film yet? A Do/see B Have/ seen C Did/see D Had/seen 42) I the film with my friends last week A watched B watch C have watched D had watched 43) He up at five every morning A is getting B got C gets D was getting 44) she in Hue at the moment? A Does/live B Is/ living C Did/live D Was/living 45) He usually her at weekend but now he in bed because of his severe illness A visits/stays B visits/staying C visited/stays D visits/ is staying 46) Don’t make noise, children! Parents A sleep B are sleeping C were sleeping D slept 47) Why you often so much noise in the house? A do/ make B did/make C are/making D were/making 48) He you when he has the necessary information A will tell B told C tells D is telling 49) While mum was watching TV, I my homework A am doing B was doing C had done D has done 50) At this time yesterday I to music A listened B had listened C was listening D am listening 51) What he at P.m last Sunday? A did/do B was/do C had/done D was/ doing Tài liệu ôn thi TN THPT GV: Nguyn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn 52) When I a little girl, I used to climb trees and go swimming in the river with my friends A am B was C have been D had been 53) Last year he came here and me to marry him but I too young to get married A asked/ was B asks/am C had asked/was D has asked/am 54) How long you novels? A have/write B do/write C have written D are/writing 55) you sometimes out with friends? A Are/going B do/ go C Have/gone D Did/go 56) I a lot of badminton recently A play B have played C am playing D was playing 57) When I home, everyone TV A got/watch B got/watching C get/was watch D got/ was watching 58) We your mother for ages A don’t see B haven’t seen C didn’t see D hadn’t seen 59) London a lot since we first to live here A changed/came B has changed/ came C had changed/ came D has changed/ come 60) How many times you this film? – The first time A have/ seen B did/see C do/see D had/seen 61) Yesterday David was crossing(A) a street when(B) a truck was turning(C) a corner very fast and almost hit(D) him 62) When Rita will get(A) her driver’s license next week(B), she will be able(C) to drive to school every day(D) 63) So far(A) she spends(B) a lot of time there(C) chatting with(D) her friends 64) Jack is living(A) in Spain now(B) His Spanish had improved(C) greatly since he moved(D) there 65) Last month(A) while we watched(B) an exciting game on(C) television in our living room, the electricity went out(D) 66) I’m sure(A) they have completed(B) the new(C) road by(D) June 67) At(A) this time tomorrow(B), they will do(C) their homework with their(D) brothers 68) We have seen(A) and tell(B) you the situation next(C) Monday Please wait for(D) us 69) Our(A) teacher explained(B) that lesson to(C) us tomorrow(D) 70) We will wait(A) for you when(B) you will get(C) back tomorrow(D) 71) I will practise(A) my English lesson with(B) my classmate at(C) 7pm next(D) Sunday 72) When I see(A) Mr Pike tomorrow(B), I remind(C) him of(D) that 73) He works(A) on the(B) report at(C) this time tomorrow(D) 74) Please(A) sit here(B) and wait until(C) the manager will return(D) 75) Our parents arrived(A) next Wednesday I’m sure we will receive(B) a lot of(C) presents from(D) them 76) I gave(A) him your message(B) and letter when(C) I see him(D) 77) By(A) the time you arrive(B), I finish(C) writing an(D) essay 78) We will be going(A) home as soon(B) as we have finished(C) our work(D) 79) Mr Green has taught(A) English this school since(B) he graduates(C) from the university in(D) 1986 80) At(A) yesterday morning(B) when I arrive(C) at his house, he was still sleeping(D) Tµi liƯu «n thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 7: THÌ TƯƠNG LAI I Thì tương lai đơn: A_ Cơng thức: _ Khẳng định: I/ We + Các chủ ngữ khác S(chủ ngữ) + Shall/ Will + shall/ will + will shallnot/ willnot S(chủ ngữ) + V(nguyên mẫu) + V(nguyên mẫu) + V(nguyên mẫu) + V(nguyên mẫu) ? _ Phủ định: _ Nghi vấn: B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả việc xảy tương lai Thường dùng với từ thời gian sau: Tomorrow next week/ month, year, Sunday Tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening someday (1 ngày đó) soon (chẳng nữa) I shall visit you tomorrow Will you go to the circus next week? Chú ý: đơn dùng thay cho tương lai đơn mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian (bắt đầu “when” “before” “until” ) _ You will see him when he comes back tomorrow (“comes” dùng mệnh đề thời gian “when”) _ I will not send her your letter until you arrive London II Thì tương lai gần:(Tương lai ý định) A – Công thức: S + am/ is/ are + going to + V(inf.) …….(dự định sẽ) S + am/ is/ are + Ving… (sắp sửa) B – Cách dùng: Thì dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy dự định tới (thường câu khơng có cụm từ thời gian) Eg: My father is retiring Where are you going to spend your holidays? C – Bài tập: Chia động từ ngoặc HTĐ hay TLĐ: 1/ We (go) out when the rain (stop) 2/ I (stay) _ here until he (answer) me 3/ Wait until I (catch) you 4/ I (be) _ ready before you (count) _ ten 5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) out 6/ Miss Helen (help) _ you as soon as she (finish) _ that letter 7/ He (tell) _ you when you (get) there 8/ She (not come) until you (be) _ ready 9/ He (tell) you when you (ask) him 10/ I (come) and (see) _ you before I (leave) for England Dïng c¸c từ gợi ý viết câu dùng be going to: Kate and her friend/ visit a friend in the hospital/ this afternoon lan/ go on a holiday/ next month I/ see the doctor/ this afternoon Richard/ have lunch/ at twelve o’clock He/ see his parents/ next week They/ move to the new house/ next week How/ he/ cook dinner? Where/ people/ sit/ at the party? Tài liệu ôn thi TN THPT GV: Nguyễn Thị Thúy Nga Why/ your sister/ study engineering? 10 How long/ you/ stay here? Trường THPT Tứ Sơn Period 8: CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG Các bước đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động sau: Ví du: Đổi câu sau sang bị động: She cleans the house everyday Chủ ngữ động từ (ở đơn) tân ngữ trạng từ Trước chuyển sang câu bị động phải phân tích câu Sơ đồ chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động: Câu chủ động: S(chủ ngữ) + V + O(tân ngữ) Câu bị động: S’ + be + pp + by O’ Sau phân tích câu xong ta chuyển theo thứ tự bước sau: 1_ Lấy tân ngữ câu chủ động làm chủ từ câu bị động (The house) 2_ Chia động từ “to be” phù hợp với động từ câu chủ động chủ từ vừa tìm (The house is) 3_ Thêm khứ phân từ động từ (The house is cleaned) 4_ Thêm “By” chuyển chủ ngữ câu chủ động sang làm tân ngữ câu bị động thêm thành phần khác để hoàn thành câu ( The house is cleaned by her everyday.) Nếu chủ từ câu chủ động từ như: “someone”; “somebody”; “nobody”; “they”; “people” câu bị động người ta không dùng từ “by” từ Chú Ý: _ Nếu câu chủ động có trạng từ nơi chốn đặt chúng trước “By + tân ngữ bị động” Chủ động The police found him in the forest Bị động He was found in the forest by the police _ Nếu câu chủ động có trạng từ thời gian đặt chúng sau By + tân ngữ bị động Chủ động: Her parents will buy a new car next month Bị động: A new car will be bought by her parents next month *) THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG học: S + be + PP + (by O): Thì Hiện đơn Hiện tiếp diễn Hiện hoàn thành Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ tiếp diễn Tương lai đơn Tương lai gần Động từ khiếm khuyết Can; could; must… To be (chia trùng với động từ chủ động Am / is / are + Am/ is/ are being Quá khứ phân từ động từ PP PP Have/ has been PP Were/ was Were/ was being PP PP Will be Am/ is/ are going to be PP PP Can/ could/ must be PP Tµi liƯu «n thi TN THPT 10