Nguyln Dang Diic va Big Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 128(14): 167- 173 XAC DINH HAM LlTONG Cd VA Pb TRONG CHE XANH THAI NGUYEN Nguyen Ding Ouc*, Nguyen Nhir LSm Truang Dgi hoc Khoa hoc - DH Thdi Nguyen TOM TAT Hien viec xdc djnh ham lugng cac ion kim loai nang Uong che xanh o Thai Nguyen c6n (t dugc nghien ciiu Nhu cau kiem tra miic nhilm che xanh boi cac kim loai n3ng la r^t cin thiit, Vi vay viec nghien ciru xdc dinh ham lugng Cd va Pb che xanh da duoc tiSn hanh nhir phan tich hap thu nguyen tir Tir ket qua thuc nghiem chiing toi thay miic nhiem ciia Cd va Pb d6u duoi gioi han cho phep theo tieu chuan Viet Nam Til' kho^: Cd Pb, xdc dinh, kim logi ndng, d nhiem, lieu chudn Viet Nam DAT VAN DE Thiet bi Thai Nguyen la khu vuc san xual che va co nhi^u khu cong nghiep, khai thac khoang san, do ngudn d4t, nuoc san xuSl nong nghiep gan khu cong nghiep, khai thac khoang san thuong bj nhiem kim loai nang [1] Hien vi?c xac dinh ham lugng cac ion kim loai nJing che xanh o Thai Nguyen it duoc nghien ciru Nhu cau kiem tra miic nhiem che xanh bdi cac kim loai nang la rat cSn thi8t - May xay, lu xay, may quang hap thu nguyen tir SHIMADZU - 6300 Nhat Ban Vi vay, de san xuSt che an toan cln khao sat danh gia hien trang mpt so chi lieu ve kim loai nang che tren khu vuc nay, chimg toi dS nghien ciru "Phirffng phdp hap thu nguyen tii- xdc dinh hdm lu-ang Cadimi vd Chi che xanh & Thai Nguyen" Trong bai bao chiing toi gioi thieu cae ket qua xac dinh Cd, Pb che xanh thupc 23 xa cua'7 khu vuc a tinh Thai Nguyen THl/C NGHIEM Hoa chat - Dung djch chuSn Cd^\ Pb-\ K", Na", Ca^" Mg-% Ba^*, M^\ Sn^\ Fe^\ Co^\ Ni^*, Cr'' Mn^*, CM^\ Zn^\ diing cho AAS (lOOOppm, Merck) - Axit d?c HCI 36%, HNO3 65%, H2O2 30% (Merck) - C6c thuy linh loai 50, 100, 150, 500 ml, binh dinh mirc 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 ml, pipel 1, 2, 5, 10 ml, Pipetman 1005000 \i.\, binh kendal, Ip dung mau 25ml - Can phan tich chinh xac lO"'' g (0, I mg) KET QUA VA BAN LUAN Tit nghien ciiu cac thong so may, dieu kien nguyen tir hoa mau, cac dieu kien do, cac yeu to anh hucmg (cation, anion), cac dieu kien thi nghiem phii hpp de xac dinh Cd va Pb cac mau che xanh, ta Ihu dupe bang I, De CO CO so xac djnh ham lugng Cd va Pb, chung loi khao sat so bg phan voi mau che xanh dai dien nguyen to bang phuong phap ICP-MS , ta thay ham lugng thap nhat ciia Hg la 0,217 ppb (Hong Thai Tan Cuong) va cao nhat ciia Mn la 8282 198 ppb (Hong Thai - Tan Cuong), Cd dao dpng lu 2,410 ppb (Nam Thai - Tan Cuong) den 4,56 ppb (Hong Thai - Tan Cuang; ciia Pb dao dpng tii 28,55 ppb dgn 41,053 ppb (H6ng Thai - Tan Cuong) [2] Qua ket qua khao sat anh huong cua tong cation va anion de phep hap thu ciia Cd va Pb chiing loi nhan Ihay rang theo cac dieu kien da chpn, co the tien hanh OF - AAS de xac dinh Cd va Pb su c6 mat Tel 0912 477836 Email nguyendmgducpll989@ffnail-cc ciia cac ion la nhu: K*, Na^, Ca^", Mg'*, Ba'* - Nude cat hai lan, cac dung djch nen va cac muoi: NH4AC, NaAc, LaCb, Mg(N03)2, PbG^O.02, NH4H2PO4 tinh khi6t loai PA 167 Nguyln Dang Due vd Dtg 128(14): 167-173 Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGH$ Sn'*, Fe^', Co^*, Ni'*, Cr'*, Mn'*, Cu^\ Zn"*, NOj' c r voi nong dp kha Ion ma khong anh huong ddn phep OF - AAS cua Cd va Pb AP*, Khao sat khoang tuygn tinh cua Cd va Pb xet ndng dp ciia Cd tu I ppb - 12 ppb va ciia Pb tijr 10 ppb din 80 ppb, thu dugc bang (2, 3)vahinh 1,2 Bang Tong ket cdc dieu kien GF-AAS cua Cdvd Pb Nguyen to Cd Pb 228,8 0,5 8(65%1„„) Argon Auto MS(NO,)2 0,01% 20 0,0921 0,3071 0,3071-10 T(»C) T(s) 120 20 250 10 400 22 217,0 0,5 I0(75%U) Argon Auto Mg(NO,)2 0,01% 20 0,1324 0,4415 0,4415-60 T(°C) T(s) 120 20 250 10 500 22 1900 2400 1700 2400 Cac vSu tS Thong so may Thanh phan Vach hap thu (nm) Khe (nm) Cuong dg dong d^n (mA) Khi moi truing Chieu cao ciis1 burner Nong HNO3 (%) Nen mau (Modiffy) Lucmg mau nap iM Gioi han phat hien (ppb) Gioi han dinh lucmg (ppb) ViJng tuyen tinh (ppb) Chuang trinh nguyen tii hoa L Say mau Tro hoa co RAMP Nguyen tii hoa Lam s^ch cuvet 3 Bang Khdo sdt khodng tuyen tinh ciiaiCd N3ng dd (ppb) 10 11 12 Lan 0,1557 0,2295 0,3072 0,3840 0,4579 0,5306 0,6072 0,6826 0,7582 0,8364 0,8440 0,8420 Abs - Cd LSn 0,1555 0,2326 0,3051 0,3825 0,4582 0,5340 0,6051 0,6795 0,7565 0,8308 0,8435 0,8460 Lln 0,1560 0,2301 0,3056 0,3815 0,4563 0,5315 0,6071 0,6820 0,7570 0,8325 0,8430 0,8395 TB 0,1557 0,2307 0,3060 0,3827 0,4574 0,5320 0,6065 0,6813 0,7572 0,8332 0,8435 0,8425 %RSD 0,2390 1,0089 0,5068 0,4650 0,3166 0,4683 0,2765 0,3408 0,1636 0,4872 0,0838 0,5504 Bang KJI qud khde1 sdt tuyen tinh cua Pb ^""" ^ong (PPh) 10 Ket qua Abs - Lan Abs - Lan Abs - Lan Abs - TB %RSD 20 0,1521 0,2787 0,1503 0,2799 0,1516 • 0,2820 0,1513 0,2802 0,8680 0,8430 30 40 50 60 70 80 0,4116 0,4095 0,4108 0,4106 0,3651 0,5382 0,5391 0,5402 0,5339 0,2632 0,6691 0,6687 0,6645 0,6674 0,5402 0,7980 0,7983 0,7968 0,7977 0,1407 0,7995 0,8023 0,8012 0,8010 0,2490 0,8095 0,8110 0,8101 0,8102 0.1317 Nguyln Dang DCrc va Dtg Tjip chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 128(14): 167-173 OithlkhaAnstuyhlfeihCd Cone (ppb) Hinh Dd thi duang chudn cua Cd Hinh D6 thj khdo sdt khodng tuyin tinh cua Cd e i thj hhio sal khoing tuyin linh Pb Hinh Do thi ducmg chudn cua Pb De danh gia sai so, gioi ban phai hien, gidi han dinh lugng va lap lai cua phep do, chiing Hinh Do thj khdo sal khodng tuyen tinh cua Pb tdi tien hanh pha mau co ndng dg diem dau, diem giua va diem cuoi ciia dudng chuan Nhu vay, khoang luy6n linh cua Cd tir I ppb cac dieu kien va phan gidng nhu mau I Oppb va ciia Pb tiir Oppb den 60ppb, chuan thuc hien moi mau lan, chung tdi thu Xay dung duong ehuan ciia Cd va Pb, dugc ket qua dan o bang va bang chiing toi thu dugc hinh va hinh Bang Kit qud sal so vd Idp lgi ctia phep Cd • Ccj(ppb) A,(Abs) 0,1553 0,3811 0,6820 LSn A, %X, A, %X, A, %X, Lan 0,1568 0.966 0,3890 2,073 0,6925 1,540 L^n2 0,1588 2,254 0,3726 2,230 0,6834 0,205 Lan 0,1624 4,572 0,3835 0,621 0,7002 2,668 Lin 0,1525 1,803 0,3926 3,018 0,7084 3,871 Lan 0,1541 0,772 0,4005 5,091 0,7122 4,428 Lin 0,1658 6,761 0,4102 7,636 0,7218 5,836 LSn 0,1550 0,193 0,3795 0,420 0,7084 3,871 A,b(Abs) 0,1579 2,475 0,3897 3,013 0,7038 3,203 SD 0,00477 0,0129 0,0129 %RSD 3,023 3,280 1,828 Nguyen Dang Dire vdDtg 128(14): - Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Bdng Ket qud sai so vd lap lai cua phep Pb Cpi,(ppb) 20 60 A,(Abs) 10,0854 0,2800 10,7983 Lin A, %X, A, %X, A, %X, Lanl 0,0925 7,675 0,2787 0,466 0,7975 0,100 Lan 0,0880 2,955 0,2815 0,533 0,7989 0,075 Lan 0.0850 0,471 0,2799 0,036 0,7991 0,100 LSn 0,0892 4,260 0,2767 1,193 0,7980 0,038 Lan 0,0837 2,031 0,2778 0,792 0,7975 0,100 LSn 0,0941 9,245 0,2767 0,193 0,7967 0,201 Lan 0,0904 5,530 0,2795 0,179 0,7972 0,138 A,b(Abs) 0,0890 4,595 0,2787 0,485 0,7977 0,107 SD 0,00377 0,004328 0,001928 %RSD 4,238 1,553 10,2417 Ket qua khao sat cho thay sai so va he so bien dong cua phep C d v a Pb deu nho va nam gidi han cho phep ( % ) , cu th8 sai s6 1cm nhdt cua Cd la 3,28%, cua P b Ion n h i t la , % Xac dinh Cd va Pb che xanh Did diem, thm gian lay mau va ky hieu mdu Cac mau che xanh dirge lay tai 23 khu virc thuoc huyen tinh Thai N g u y e n Bang 7: Dia diem vd thai gian Idy mdu che TT I 10 11 Dja diem lay mSu Nha ong: Pham V5n Xuat, xom Hong Thai - xa Tan Cirgng Nha 5ng Nguyen Van Tinh, xom Nam Thai - Tan Cuong Nha ba: Hoang Thi Nguyen, xom Nam Tan - TSn Cuong Nha ong' Lirong Van Hoa, xa Phiic Trig - TP Thai Nguyen Nha ba: Pham Thj Nguyen, xom Tan Son, xaVjnh S o n - S o n g CQng Nha ba: Ha Thj Xuan, xom Tmng Tam, xa Binh Son-T.X.Sdng Cong Nha ong'Dinh Trung NghTa, xom Thuan Due, xa Minh D u e - P h Yen Nha Ong Hua Van Du, xom An Binh, xa Thanh Cong - Ph6 Yen Nha ong: Boan Trung, xom Yen Mg, xa H6ng Tign - Pho Yen Nha ba Dang Thj Thu, xom Choi, xg My Yen - Dai Tir Nha ong' Le Hien, xom Ca, xa Ky Phii - Dai TCr Nha ba: Dinh Thj Nhan, xom Hien Binh, xa La Hien - V6 Nhai Nha ong: Nguyen Chi Dung, xom Cao Bien, xa Ph6 Thirgng - VCNhai Nha ong Vu Thuan, xom Ba Danh 1, xa Minh Lap - Dong Hy Nha ba: Truong Minh Hign, xom Tam Thai, xg Hoa Thircmg - Bong Hy Nha ong: Nguyln VSn Tign, xom BOng Tam, xg D6ng Bam -Dong Hy Nha ba: H6 Van, xom Van Luang 1, xa Trung Luang - Djnh Hoa Nha ba: Trieu Thi Chien, xom San Thang, xa Son Phu - Dinh Hoa Nha ong: Dg Huy Bmh, xa Xuan Tnrong, xa On Lirong - Ph6 Lirong Nha ong: Le Xuan Hai, xom D6ng Sang, xa Co Lung - Phu Luong Nha ong: Hau Van Tgi xom Tien Thanh, xa Ygn Lac - Phu Luang Nha 6ng: Nguyen Vgn Diem xom Nam Mac, xg Yen Lac - Phii Lugng Nha ba: Nguyln Thi Lan, xom Khe Thugng, xa Yen t>6 - Phu Luong K;f hieu HT-TC NTh-TC NT TC PT-TN VS-SC BS-SC MD - PY TC - PY HT-PY MY-DT KP-DT LH - VN PT - VN ML-DH HT - DH DB - DH TL - DH SP - DH OL - PL CL - PL YL - PL YL - PL YD - PL Thcri gian l^y m l u 22/11/2010 5/12/2010 5/12/2010 5/12/2010 5/12/2010 15/12/2010 15/12/2010 Nguyen Dang Diic vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE Chudn bi mdu phdn tich [3] Che xanh dugc lay a 23 khu vuc khac ciia tinh Thai Nguyen La che xanh tuai rira sach, dugc phai duoi anh sang mat troi va sau sSy kho d 40''C, xay nhd thu dugc bdt la che xanh kho Can chinh xac 2,000 gam mlu che khd da xay nho eho vao binh Kendan day binh bang pheu Igc CO dudi dai, them 15ml HNO3 dac dun sdi nh? de phan huy mau vdng hai %\b Them ti^p 10 ml HNO3 dac va 5ml H2O2 30% va dun sdi hai gio niJa Sau them H2O2 30% de dudi HNO3 du, them lii tir 15 ml nude cSt hai Ifin va dun soi cho den dung dich sudt, chuyen toan bg dung dich vao coc 50ml, them 15 ml nuac cSt hai lan dun ndng bay hoi den mudi am Chuyen vao binh dinh miic 25ml va dinh muc bang HNO3 2% Sau dem phd hSp thy nguyen tu eiia Cd d budfc song 228,8 nm va Pb a buac song 217,0 nm 128(14): 167- 173 Ket qud phan tich cdc mdu che xanh theo GFAAS[4] Sau xu ly mau che xanh ciia 23 xa thudc khu vuc, cac vj tri \ky mlu Chiing tdi ti6n hanh xac dinh ham lugng ciia Cd va Pb theo phuang phap duang chuIn da dugc neu o tren bang Tir ket qua tren so vdi QD46/2007/BYT ham lugng Cd va Pb che xanh a cac mlu nghien cuu deu khdng anh huong den sOrc khoe nguoi diing che xanh Thai Nguyen De so sanh ket qua phan lich cac nguyen td tien hanh bang phuong phap duang chuan, chiing tdi chgn mau che d dia diem khac dS xac dinh Cd va Pb theo phuong phap them ehuan O mdi mau them chuan chiing tdi them vao nhung lugng Cd va Pb d diem nhat dinh cho long ndng mau them ehuan dem van nam duang chuan Chiing tdi them ppb va ppb vdi nguyen td Cd; ppb va ppb vai nguyen td Pb KSt qua dua bang va bang logi Cd, Pb tinh theo mg/kg Bang Hdm lugng kim TT 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 May chi xanh HT-TC NTh-TC NT-TC PT-TN VS-SC BS-SC MD-PY TC-PY HT-PY MY-DT KP-DT LH-VN PT-VN ML-DH HT-DH DB-BH TL-DH SP-DH OL-PL CL-PL YL-PL YL-PL YD-PL Ddhap thu Cd Pb 0,2368 0,1391 0,2310 0,1167 0,2105 0,0997 0,1442 0,1104 0,1245 0,W65 0,1531 0,1216 0,1359 0,0886 0,1428 0,1307 0,1298 0,1482 0,1762 0,1269 0,1773 0,0739 0,2450 0,0956 0,2331 0,1168 0,1536 0,1460 0,2408 0,1328 0,1543 0,0792 0,2333 0,0985 0,1069 0,1290 0,1967 0,1373 0,2038 0,1232 0,235 0,120 0,215 0,215 0,185 0,130 Nong dQ (ppb) Cd Pb 0,354 0,290 0,499 0,525 0,701 0,599 0,299 0,245 0,254 0,182 0,253 0,288 0,250 0,532 0,309 0,212 0,175 0,211 0,064 0,105 0,144 0,180 0,102 0,200 0,265 0,344 0,472 0,652 0,135 0,166 0,140 0,635 0,159 0,283 0,462 0,382 0,115 0,254 0,116 0,220 0,176 0,306 0,245 0,452 0,125 0,265 Ham lirong (mg/kg) Cd Pb 0,8003 2,0978 0,7671 1,7523 0,7652 1,2050 0,4830 1,6006 0,4155 1,5947 0,5020 1,7668 0,4842 0,9857 0,4857 2,0021 0,4377 2,3145 0,6012 1,8142 0,6219 0,8683 0,8120 1,0052 0,7956 1,6380 0,4978 2,2251 0,9021 2,0046 0,5209 0,8795 0,7883 1,1036 0,3552 1,8423 0,7053 2,0878 0,7107 1,8283 0,110 1,220 0,175 2,065 0,246 2,452 Nguyen Dang Due vd Dtg 128(14): - Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHJ Bang 9: iKet qud phdn tich mdu them chudn ctiaCd TT MSU che N5ng dO theo PP du'o'ng chuan(ppb) Nth- TC 0,6750 BB - BH 0,5250 M l u chi Nong theo PP dud-ng chuan(ppb) Nong d$ chuan thgm vao (ppb) 4 N6ng thSm v&o thu duvc(ppb) 1,2886 2,7912 0,9535 2,4671 Nong dO thu Svifc theo PP thgm chuSn (ppb) 0,7886 0,7912 0,4535 0,4671 Sai s6 (%) giila hai PP 1,4619 1,1371 6,3404 3,5316 Bang 10: Ket qud phdn ticl,I mdu them chudn< ctia Pb TT 1,699 1,475 Nong d3 chuan them vao(ppb) N6ng dO them vao thu dugc (ppb) N6ng dg thu du^c theo PP thgm chuin(ppb) Sai s6 (%) giQa hai PP 5 2,0520 3,4983 1,4302 2,9720 1,5520 1,4983 0,9302 0,9720 3,0364 6,3914 7,4612 3,3028 Nhan xet: Qua ket qua thu dugc d bang va bang eho IhSy hi6u suat thu hdi Cd va Pb d8u Idn hon 90% va sai sd giua hai phep xac dinh Cd va Pb nho hon 10% Bang 11: Khdo sdt hdm lugng Pb cua mdu che an loan TT Man che xanh Hong Thai - Tan Cirong Nam Thai - Tan Cuong Do hap thu 0,1406 0,1203 So sanh vdi mau che an toan tai dia diem - Xdm Hong Thai xa Tan Cuong - Xdm Nam Thai xa Tan Cuong La nhiJng dja diem dau tien cua ca nude dugc to chuc IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements) cap giay chiing nhan "San phlm che sach theo tieu chuan Chau au" Ket qua din d bang D.el qua mau che an toan cd ham lugng Pb la 2,121 va 1,809 (mg/kg) deu nho hon so vdi mau che an loan KET LUAN Bang viec lira chgn phuong phap phd hap thu nguyen tu kT thuat khdng nggn lua nghien cuu xac dinh ham lugng cac kim loai nang che xanh, chiing toi da iimg dung dl xac dinh Cd va Pb che xanh 23 mlu che xanh tren khu vuc cua tinh Thai Nguyen va di den ket luan ham lugng Cd va Pb cac N&ng dO ppb 0,360 0,502 H i m lu-g'ng (mg/kg) 2,121 1,809 che xanh deu thap hon gioi hgn cho phep Do diing che xanh Thai Nguyen khong gay anh hudng den sue khde ngudi Nhu vay, phuong phap phd hap thy nguyen tii GF - AAS la ky thuat phu hgp dk xac dinh Cd va Pb lugng nhd hoac lugng vet mau che xanh TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Trinh Thj Thanh (2003) Dgc hgc moi trudng vd Stic khde nguoi Nxb - DHQG H& N^i Dang Qudc Trung (2011), Luan van thac sT, Xac dinh Asen Irong che xanh a Thdi Nguyen bdng phuang phdp hdp thu nguyin tu, Trucmg Dai hoc Su pham - DHTN Pham Luan (1988/1990), Tuyin tap- Quy trinh xdc dinh cdc nguyin Id kim logi Id cdy vd cdy thudc Ddng y a Viet Nam, Dai hpc Tdng hpp Ha Noi Ph^m Luan 0994) Ca sd ly thuyit cm phep phd hdp thy phdn tic UV-VIS, D^i hpc Tong hpp Ha Npi Nguyen DSng Dire vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 128( 14): 167 - 173 SUMMARY DETERMINATION CD AND PB CONTENTS IN GREEN TEA IN THAI NGUYEN Nguyen Dang Due , Nguyen Nhu Lam College of Science - TNU At present, the determination of heavy metal ions in green tea in Thai Nguyen has not been studied much The demand for cheking pollution level made by above heavy metals in green tea was very necessary, so the study of the determination of Cd and Pb in green tea has been conducted by analyzing atomic absorption spectrometry From the result of experiment, we realized that the pollution of Cd and Pb was lowed when compared with Vietnam Standards Key words: Cd, Pb, determination, heavy metal, pollution, Vietnam Standards Ngdy nhdn bdt:15/10/2013; Ngdyphdn blen:3Q/10/2013: Ngdy duyet ddng: 25/11/2014 Plidn hien khoa hoc: PGS TS Nguyin Duy luong - LHH KHKT tinh Thdi Nguyin ' Tel: 0912 477836 Email, nguyendan; ... - AAS cua Cd va Pb AP*, Khao sat khoang tuygn tinh cua Cd va Pb xet ndng dp ciia Cd tu I ppb - 12 ppb va ciia Pb tijr 10 ppb din 80 ppb, thu dugc bang (2, 3)vahinh 1,2 Bang Tong ket cdc dieu kien... lugng Cd va Pb d diem nhat dinh cho long ndng mau them ehuan dem van nam duang chuan Chiing tdi them ppb va ppb vdi nguyen td Cd; ppb va ppb vai nguyen td Pb KSt qua dua bang va bang logi Cd, Pb. .. kim loai nang che xanh, chiing toi da iimg dung dl xac dinh Cd va Pb che xanh 23 mlu che xanh tren khu vuc cua tinh Thai Nguyen va di den ket luan ham lugng Cd va Pb cac N&ng dO ppb 0,360 0,502