ANGRAU stored products proposal 2007_08_14

ACHARYA N.G.RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY, COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD-500 030, A.P From Dr T Raman Goud Professor and Head Department of Entomology College of Agriculture ANGRAU, Rajendranagar Hyderabad – 30 To The Dean of Agriculture ANGRAU, Rajendranagar Hyderabad-30 Through propel channel L.No 1/ Prof And Head Ento/ KSU/ 2007 dated 14.08.2007 Sir, Sub: Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar- Project Proposal on low cost grain protection during storage- Submitted – Reg Ref: 1)U.O Note No 5507/IP/ A1/2007 dtd 12.04.2007 of Director of International programmes, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar,Hyd-500030 2)Project presentation on 04.05.2007 at Office of the Director of Research, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar,Hyderabad-500030 With reference to the above, the revised project proposal entitled “Low cost grain protection during storage” is here with submitted from the Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar for collaboration with Kansas State Universities, USA for further action Yours faithfully (T Raman Goud) Copy to the Director, International Programmes, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar Copy to the Director of Research, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar Copy to the Associate Dean, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar Information for Principal Investigator First : Telugu Middle : Uma Last : Maheswari List / Names of other individuals on : Project and primary responsibility Dr K Dharma Reddy Professor Department of Entomology Dr K Vijaya Lakshmi Associate Professor Department of Entomology Mailing Address :Dept of Entomology, College of Agriculture Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University Rajendranagar, Hyderabad- 500 030 City :Hyderabad State :Andhra Pradesh E Mail Address : uma_ento@yahoo.co.in Phone : 040-24015161-163 Ext:377 Fax :040-24015318 Current employer : Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University Highest degree earned: Ph.D Institution : Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University List five relevant publications in last five years: K Pramod Kumar Reddy B.V Singh and K Dharma Reddy, 2002 Sorghum, resistance to the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.): Antixenosis Insect Science Application 22(1): 9-19 Srinivas V, Dharma Reddy K and Sridhar Y, 2003 Management of Sitophilus zeamaize in stored maize using grain protectants Indian Journalof Entomology 65(4): 492-495 Srinivas V and Dharma Reddy K, 2004 Evaluation of various products of grain protectants against rice moth in maize Journal of Research, ANGRAU 32(4): 24-33 Sandhya Rani Ch, Vijaya Lakshmi K and Arjuna Rao P, 2000 Vegetable oils as surface protectants against bruchid, Callosobruchus chinensis infestation on chick pea Indian journal of Plant Protection 30(1): 81-83 Ramakrishna D, Vijaya Lakshmi K and Ratna sudhakar T, 2003 Friendly approaches in management of Sitophilus oryzae in maize Proc of National Symposium on Frontier areas of Entomological Research Nov 5-7, New Delhi Sandhya Rani Ch and Vijaya Lakshmi K, 2004 Reaction of chick pea varieties to pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis on the basis of biological parameters and physicochemical characters Pest Management and Economic Zoology 12(2)): 123-129 Title of Proposal : LOW COST GRAIN PROTECTION DURING STORAGE A) Project Description: a) Introduction : long term goals of the proposed project Insect pest management for stored grains has long history as a traditional approach in which good husbandary is the primary requirement However, the current emphasis upon IPM is, in effect, a reassertation of the need to put traditional good husbandary in places as the fundamental basis of pest control In grain storage, as with other durable agricultural products, a good commodity management and good store management are more important and form the pre requisites for good insect reduction during storage Control of grain quality before storage i.e., by reducing intake of heavily infested and badly damaged and unclean grain is always preferable However, some times on farm, grain stocks with relatively little insect damage, after several months of storage at ambient conditions, allow rapid increase of insect population Hence developing a scientific approach for grain storage pest management as a part of food production and distribution management system needs understanding of stored grain ecosystem Integration of various control techniques that can fit in to frame work of IPM focuses the importance of a multidisciplinary approach i.e., Entomology, Mycology, Seed Physiology, Food science and Engineering etc Development of environmentally friendly measures by use of suitable contact insecticides or fumigants always help to minimize the cost of insect pest control, taking in to account all costs and benefits However, determination of measurable losses of quantity and quality parameters will provide useful information subject to the need for modification of methodology and technology for pest management in particular situation By evaluating the various management techniques like grain admixture treatment with grain protectants, insecticide treatment to bulk grain, surface and bag /stacks, insecticide treatment on fabric, space/floor etc at farm level as well as bulk storage level, a most cost effective recommendation can be made for wide spread use Improvements made in large scale storage or bulk storage by identifying and analyzing the problems, will have more merit and potential for general application These procedures need most cost effective timing for pest control (Hainer et al., 1990) and any development of this type of approach can be proved to be beneficial b) Need for the proposed project: The insect species of most importance in the tropics as pests of stored grains especially the cereals and pulses include majority of Coleopterans and Lepidopterans These damage grains mainly as primary and secondary pests However, the status of pest vary between different commodities, different varieties of same commodity, different climatic regions and agro- industrial system and also different socio-economic groups Mainly grain is affected in storage by the form in which the commodity is stored i.e., during handling and processing, environmental conditions and by consumer attitudes The pest status also vary due to biotypes of the same insect species and also differences in the capacity to cause grain damage (Mc Farlane, 1990) and also due to adaptations to other food stuffs In India, the total post harvest losses were estimated as 9.33 per cent where infestation of grain has resulted in both qualitative and quantitative losses affecting the nutritive value of the crop, due to which million tones of grain worth of several hundred crores of rupees are lost This has provoked the scientists to develop scientific methods of pest management The research in grain technology in the country like grain admixture treatments, insecticide deposits on bulk grain, surfaces and bags /stacks, insecticide deposits on fabric of grain stores, space treatment etc has however lead to a reduction in the pest status level The emerging problems like development of insecticide resistance (Rajendran, 1992) hazards to human health, persistence of chemical on treated surface to a short period and their toxicity to natural enemies made the scientists to rethink and research for a pest management programme that will be safer, economical and justifiable As such the development of a sound scientific knowledge control over both store climate and storage insect infestation pressure can be achieved by technically developing acceptable practical method that will be cost effective and can easily fit in to the system For this purpose there is a every need to develop a low cost technology for the management of insect pests in storage c) Completed and on going significant activities relative to the proposed work: As a part of academic activity, course is offered regularly to post graduate students on pests of grain storage and their management Training will be given postgraduate students for pest identification, estimation of losses and their management As a part of research, work was carried out in evaluating various grain protectants for insect pest control, getting information on health status of seed saved by farmers from areas of different climatic conditions and evaluation of different methods like grain treatment, stack treatment or fabric treatment or floor treatment for pest management Emphasis will be given for evaluation as well as feasibility of using any of the above mentioned techniques in reducing the storage losses in major food crops like cereals (Rice, Maize, Jowar) and pulses or legumes (Pigeon pea and Black gram) Maize, Zea mays being one of the important cereal crop grown in Andhra Pradesh to an extent of 3.77 lakh is damaged by six insect pests during storage among which Sitophilus zeamais causes severe damage to the kernels to the extent of 31.0 per cent Studies carried out on efficacy of grain protectants including ABC dust, Lufenuron, Flufenoxuron, Diflubenjuron and Malathion revealed that ABC dust @ 5g per kg seed was found effective in reducing the pest to an extent of 100 per cent followed by Malathion (Srinivas and Dharma Reddy, 2004) Seed hardness, color of the pericarp and thickness showed the resistance against infestation of Sitophilus oryzae in sorghum ( Pramodkumar Reddy and Dharma Reddy, 1996) Pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan is one of the important pulse crop grown in Andhra Pradesh The pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis was reported to cause loss in seed weight as well as protein content Studies made on the use of vegetable oils as surface protectants against infestation of C chinensis revealed that neem oil @ ml per kg seed totally repelled the adult beetles from egg laying and no adult emergence was observed followed by rice bran oil (Sandhya Rani and Vijayalakshmi, 1999) Observations made on mechanism of resistance or varietal preference by C chinensis on pulses revealed that size of the seed, weight of the seed, protein, ash, potassium and silica contents play major role in influencing the development of the insect pest on seeds d) Issues and relevance to stake holders: By knowing the reasons or circumstances that lead to on-farm storage losses, attempts will be made to encourage farmers to grow and plant variety with increased resistance to damage by storage insects By getting a relatively effective grain protectant, safe grain storage period can be extended at reasonable prices to the farmers At bulk storage level, adoption of improved technologies like vaccum creation and fumigation with safe insecticides and also pest monitoring through traps help to measure pest population levels at regular intervals as a parameter for estimating grain damage and quality loss Evaluation of vaccum creation during grain storage help to achieve enhancement of insecticidal efficacy in reducing the pest Knowledge and information generated due to research exemplify the possible refinements of insect control procedures that improve storage pest management by farmer both at house hold level and bulk storage level on large scale e) Role of stake holders in problem identification and implementation of the proposal: To have clear idea with regard to the store climate as well as store commodity, there is a need to have an understanding about the pest, its behaviour, stored community as well as store conditions and store management which are the pre requisites Emphasis will be given to collect information about various insect pests infesting major food crops from farmers as well as bulk storage handling people or godowns Data will be collected on quantitative loss due to pest infestation, qualitative parameter stability before and after infestation through surveys in different agro climatic areas of Andhra Pradesh Information will be obtained on the level of pest incidence, type of pest/ disease, the extent of damage, source of infestation, type of infestation, time of infestation and method of available management techniques During the research work, evaluation of the proven technology will be carried out both at farm level and bulk storage level Treatments will be imposed as per the schedule and the best technology will be taken out f) Objectives: 1) Documentation of pest intensity and losses due to insects and diseases in storage : a) Estimation of qualitative and quantitative losses due to insect pests b) Estimation of qualitative and quantitative losses due to diseases 2) Stored grain insect pest Management : a) Management of stored grain pests with low risk grain protectants b) Management of stored grain pests with vaccum fumigation 3) Transformation of the proven elite technology to the end users Documentation of pest intensity and losses due to insects and diseases in storage : a) Losses due to insects in storage : Protocol: For estimating the qualitative and quantitative losses due to insect pests and moulds, survey will be made in six selected districts of Andhra Pradesh having more cropped area under cultivation both in Maize and Pigeonpea Samples of grain /seed will be collected from both farmers for small scale storage and from godowns for large scale storage Samples from 30 godowns and 60 villages will be collected and observed for seed health status Data will be collected on insect damaged kernels, brokens and wrinkled seeds, type of pest infestation, level of pest infestation Observations will also be recorded on effect of seed infestation on quality parameters, variation in godown condition as well as due to seasonal conditions The pest populations collected from both small scale storage and large scale storage of seed will be cultured and maintained to study any variation with geographical distribution The pest populations in bulk storage conditions will be monitored by setting of the probe traps or pheromone traps or bait traps or dome traps( Mohan et al., 2004) Pest populations will be monitored at regular intervals Other information including meteorological data, data from Directorate of Economics and Statistics, data on storage structures will be collected and incorporated where ever necessary Validity: Approved sampling procedures will be followed for analysis of data Time line: • One to three months- Selection of godowns, stake holders, preparation of data sheets etc., • Fourth to ten months- Collection of data from stake holders through sampling Statistical analysis of the data • Eleven and twelve months - documentation of the losses b) Losses due to diseases in storage : Protocol: For estimating the qualitative and quantitative losses due to moulds, survey will be made in six selected districts of Andhra Pradesh having more cropped area under cultivation both in Maize and Pigeonpea Samples of grain /seed will be collected from both farmers for small scale storage and from godowns for large scale storage Samples from 30 godowns and 60 villages will be collected and observed for seed health status Data will be collected on discoloured and shrivelled seeds, brokens and wrinkled seeds Observations will also be recorded on effect of seed infestation on quality parameters, variation in godown condition as well as due to seasonal conditions The diseases collected from both small scale storage and large scale storage of seed will be cultured and maintained to study any variation with geographical distribution Other information including meteorological data, data from Directorate of Economics and Statistics, data on storage structures will be collected and incorporated where ever necessary Validity: Approved sampling procedures will be followed for analysis of data Isolation of mycoflora from the stored seeds will be analysed by employing the standard techniques recommended by the International Seed testing Association(1966) The blotter technique: Pieces of sterile blotting paper will be placed in sterilized petridishes and moistened with sterlilized distilled water The non disinfected seeds, surface disinfected seeds will be placed on the water soaked blotters and incubated under controlled conditions at 20oc with alternating cycles of 12h ultraviolet light The fungi growing on the seeds were examined after eight days of inoculation and the data were recorded Agar Plate Method: The standard agar plate method following International Rules for Seed Testing (1966) will be followed Non disinfected seeds, surface disinfected seeds will be placed on the nutrient medium The petridishes will be incubated for days at 25+ 0C and fungi growing in association with each seed were isolated on Czapek’s medium and identified The percentage infection of fungal species screened from the seeds during the course of investigation will be calculated Time line: • One to three months- Selection of godowns, stake holders, preparation of data sheets etc., • Four to ten months- Collection of data from stake holders through sampling Statistical analysis of the data • Eleven and twelve months - documentation of the losses Stored grain insect pest Management : a) Management of stored grain pests with low risk grain protectants: Maize Weevil, Sitophilus ziamaise on maize and Callosobruchus chinensis on pigeon pea were found to have wide geographic distribution through out Andhra Pradesh These two pests are reported to be causing severe or huge losses to the respective crops during storage Several insecticides were used for application including inorganic as well as organic insecticides However to protect the environment and to be safe to human, usage of botanical pesticides and insect growth regulators also became popular (Subramanyam et al., 1993) However application of insecticides either to grain or to the surfaces, cracks or crevices should leave a pesticide residue that is enough to kill the insects infesting the grain or those crawling as treated surfaces As the susceptibility of a storage insect pest vary with the type of insect, surface to be treated, degree of insecticide coverage on the treated surface as well as insecticide used, duration of exposure to the insecticide ,etc (Michael tower et al., 2003) There is a every need to test different groups of insecticides that are safer for human consumption and lethal to insect pests in reducing the pest population Protocol: Insects: Adults of Sitophilus ziamaise and Callosobruchus chinensis will be collected from different areas showing infestation from 10 locations Insects collected from the store houses or the infested grain will be reared in glass or polythene jars of 30cm diameter and 30cm height at ambient temperature and relative humidity under laboratory conditions Insecticides: Insecticides of different groups including Spinosad, Abamectin, Emamectin Benzoate, Malathion 50EC, Deltamethrin 2.8 EC and Azadirachtin 1500ppm will be collected and stored under cool conditions Insecticide dilutions will be made as per the required concentration by using distilled water Grain: Grains of maize and seeds of pigeon pea will be obtained from departmental stores, Government of Andhra Pradesh Damaged or broken seeds will be screened by manual sieving over a aluminium sieve Cleaned seed will be frozen for one week at low temperature of –10 to –13 oC to kill any residual insect infestation Both maize and pigeon pea seed was calibrated to 10-11 % moisture content by drying and maintained at temperature of 28oC and 65% relative humidity Bioassays: Both seeds of maize and pigeon pea will be treated with the insecticides at required doses For this, 100g of seed will be placed in separate glass jars of 10-15 cm diameter treated with 0.1ml of all insecticide solutions Seed treated with liquids of distilled water will serve as treated control (0 %) Seeds will be well mixed with the insecticides by uniform trumbling Then in to each jar 10 pairs of adults will be released or introduced in to all treated and un treated grains Infested jars will be closed with cloth and will be incubated at 25oC and 65% RH after 25-30 days of inoculation, seed infested with insects will be sieved and examined for recording number of egg plugs on pigeon pea, no of seeds infested , number of grubs/larvae infesting the seeds and also number of live and dead adults Each treatment with insecticides will be replicated five times The studies will be carried out under bulk storage by treating the stacks as well as the surfaces like cement or concrete floor and gunny or jute bags of 1X1 Treatment with different group of insecticides at desired concentrations will be given to jute bags which are shade dried and then used for storing the grains The surface will be treated with insecticides and left for drying These bags will be filled with grains and stored as stacks in comparison with untreated bags Similarly experiments will be conducted in both surface treated or untreated godowns Sampling will be done for every 15 days to record any insect infestation by using sampling tools like probe traps/ dome traps 10 samples will be taken from each bag at heights for monitoring pest infestation levels These will be five replications for estimating pest population on treated surface of godowns, number of insects resulting in an unit area will be counted and recorded Observation on number of insects on both treated and untreated surfaces will be recorded at weekly intervals Data Analysis: Analysis will be carried out to detect differences among different insecticides in reducing the pest infestations or multiplication The mean insect mortality in treated grains will be calculated by following Abbott’s formula Corrected dose and mortality data will be subjected to probit analysis for determining LD50 and LD 95 values for the pests Significant difference among insecticides in bringing about variation in efficacy or in reducing the population will be verified Validity: Experiments will be carried out by following the bioassay methods (Pingale, 1976) Time line: • One to two months- Procurement of insecticides and other material like traps, temperature/ pressure gauges, storage bags or tins etc., • Three to four months- Procurement of grain/ seed material • Five to ten months- Experimentation • Eleven and twelve months- Statistical analysis of the data b) Management of stored grain pests with vaccum fumigation: In vaccum fumigation, most of the air in grain storage chamber or cocoon is removed before the fumigant is introduced Nowadays this technique is mainly used for fumigating storage material such as jute, wax and also the grain with hidden infestation Protocol: Effective of vaccum fumigation will be studied against two major pests i.e., Sitophilus zeamaize and Callosobruchus chinensis infesting maize and pigeon pea respectively To carry out studies on effect of vaccum fumigation in reducing the seed infestation, air tight structures or cocoons which are provided with pump to evacuate the chamber and also facility for introduction and exhaustion of the fumigant will be used With these cocoons, observations on effect of vaccum, phosphene and sulphuryl floride on grain infestation as well as the effect of fumigation on insect pest behaviour and mortality will be recorded Treatments: Vaccum @ 50 mg Hg for 24 hours Fumigation with PH3 @ 3g a.i/ ton/ days Fumigation with SF3 @ a.i/ ton/ days Vaccum @ 50 mg Hg for 24 hours followed by Fumigation with PH @ 3g a.i/ ton/ days Vaccum @ 50 mg Hg for 24 hours followed by Fumigation with SF @ a.i/ ton/ days Untreated check The chemical fumigants will be used at uniform concentration alone as well as in combination Experiment will be carried out on separate stacks of maize and red gram by following above mentioned treatments with replications Studies will be made for a period of years in both Kharif and Rabi seasons of the year For carrying studies, entire seed lot is covered with gas proof sheets or cocoons Initial vaccum will be tested at low oxygen pressure of 50mm mercury and the vaccum will be created by using a vaccum pump which will be monitored with the help of pressure guage Then the fumigant will be allowed to remain in the cocoon for 24 hours and later brought normal condition by opening the cocoon For carrying bioassay studies both the larval and adult stages of the two test insects will be kept with in the cocoon in mesh cages before initiation of experiment Sampling will be carried out by drawing samples from bottom, middle and top layers of the grain stacks before and after the treatment Data will be recorded on the number of live, moribund and dead insects due to fumigation The same insects exposed to treatments will be maintained in incubators for week to 10 days to record information on insect behavior Validity: Fumigation as standards outlined by Ministry of food and civil supplies, Govt of India (save grain campaign manual, 1990) Time line: • One to three months – Procurement of materials like cocoons, monitoring devices, chemicals, pressure gauges etc., • Fourth to ten months- Execution of the experiment in Kharif and Rabi seasons • Eleven and twelve months- Statistical analysis of the data Stored grain disease management: Management of diseases in stored grains: Among the various microorganisms associated with seeds, fungi play an important role in determining the quality of grains and seeds (Mirocha et al., 1976; Dennis, 1977) Fungi which contaminate grain and seed have been broadly classified into field and storage fungi The former attack the seeds before the harvest, while the latter grow on a variety of organic and inorganic substrates These fungi are present in the atmosphere and thus serve as a source of contamination in stored seeds and grain The storage fungi which include predominantly species of Aspergillus and Pencillium are abundantly present in atmosphere, serving as a source of contamination for grain and seed These fungi not attack the seed in standing crops Sinha and Wallace 1973, reported an inter relationship among temperatures, moisture, viability of grain mites and fungi During storage moulds and other microbes establish over seeds by utilizing their contents and deteriorate their quality Because of the restriction on the use of synthetic fungicides on food there is currently a need for less toxic, disease controlling compounds for post harvest application Hence it is necessary to test different fungicides to reduce the storage fungi Protocol: Fungi : Fusarium of maize and Alternaria of redgram Aspergillus and Penicillium are the common fungi associated with the crops Isolation of mycoflora from the stored seeds will be analyzed by employing the standard techniques recommended by the International Seed testing Association (1966) The blotter technique: Pieces of sterile blotting paper will be placed in sterilized Petri dishes and moistened with sterilized distilled water The non disinfected seeds, surface disinfected seeds will be placed on the water soaked blotters and incubated under controlled conditions at 20oc with alternating cycles of 12h ultraviolet light The fungi growing on the seeds were examined after eight days of inoculation and the data were recorded Agar Plate Method: The standard agar plate method following International Rules for Seed Testing (1966) will be followed Non disinfected seeds, surface disinfected seeds will be placed on the nutrient medium The Petri dishes will be incubated for days at 25+ 0C and fungi growing in association with each seed were isolated on Czapek’s medium and identified The percentage infection of fungal species screened from the seeds during the course of investigation will be calculated Fungicides: Fungicides like Manocozeb, Thiram, Carbendazim, Azadirachtin will be used as per the required concentration Seed : Grains of maize and seeds of pigeon pea will be obtained from departmental stores, Government of Andhra Pradesh Damaged or broken seeds will be screened by manual sieving over a aluminium sieve Cleaned seed will be frozen for one week at low temperature of –10 to –13 oC to kill any residual insect infestation Both maize and pigeon pea seed was calibrated to 10-11 % moisture content by drying and maintained at temperature of 28oC and 65% relative humidity Bioassays: Both seeds of maize and pigeon pea will be treated with insecticides at required doses For this the seeds will be treated with different fungicides and placed in the petriplate of assayed medium The size and shape of the inhibition zone is relate to the quantity and uniformity of dressing on the seed Only the presence of an entire clear cut zone of inhibition is considered as evidence of a treatment Data analysis: The zone of inhibition will be analyzed the size and shape of the inhibition zone is relate to the quantity and uniformity of dressing on the seed Only the presence of an entire clear cut zone of inhibition is considered as evidence of a treatment Validity: Experiments will be carried out by following Bioassay methods Time line: • One to two months- Procurement of fungicides and other material like glass ware temperature/ pressure gauges, storage bags or tins etc., • Three to four months- Procurement of grain/ seed material • Five to ten months- Experimentation • Eleven and twelve months- Statistical analysis of the data Transformation of the proven elite technology to the end users: A clear perception of the need is the most important requirement for finding a solution that can be integrated in to the management system, should always meet the business objectives as well as can fit with in the existing management capabilities In this context a correlation has been found between the grain holding capacity and adoption of improved storage practices among the farmers in India (Thakre and Bansode, 1990) After carrying through studies on the management of the two test insects Sitophilus oryzae infesting maize and Callosobruchus chinensis infesting pigeon pea with both chemical and non chemical methods, the effective treatments or the techniques will be demonstrated and evaluated both at small and large scale storage a) At small domestic storage conditions or farm level storage: The elite technology will be transferred to the stake holders for evaluation of the efficacy in reducing the pest infestation during storage Around 60 villages will be selected in three districts for each crop for evaluation of the technology Observations will be made for a period of months and data will be recorded on the extent of pest infestation, behaviour and mortality of the pest b) At large scale storage conditions or bulk storage: Technical information about the proven effective technology will be given to the end users carrying grain storage in large quantities like godowns About 10 godowns will be selected for demonstration and evaluation of the proven technology Observations will be made for a period of months and data will be recorded on the extent of pest infestation, behaviour and mortality of the pest g) Expected out come: • Both qualitative and quantitative losses during storage of maize and pigeon pea will be documented • Effective management technology including the grain protectants and the vaccum fumigation will be evolved • Transfer of technology to the end users h) Cooperation from other Departments: Ministry of Food and Civil supplies, Food Corporation of India and Central Ware Housing Corporation Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, USA i) Facilities and resources: The infrastructure available in the Departments of Entomology, Pathology, Agricultural Research Institute and National Seed Project will be utilized for carrying the studies j) References: Dennis C, 1977 Susceptability of stored crops to microbial infection Annals of Applied Biology 85:430 Haines CP Rees, D, Ryder, K Sistyanto, S and Cahyana, Y (1990) Brown rice bait bags for monitoring insect populations in bag stacks of milled rice as an aid to pest control decision making In: Proceedings of the fifth International Working Conference on Stored Product protection, Bordeaux, France, September 9-14, 1990 Pp: 1351-1358 Mc Farlane, JA (1990) Differences between some strains of stored grain beetles in their capacity to cause grain damage: Possible implications for the management of pesticide resistance Tropical Science, 30: 357-371 Michael D, Toews, Bhadriraju Subramanyam and Jaclyn M Rowan, 2003 Knock down and mortality of adults of eight species of stored product beetles exposed to four surfaces treated with spinosad Journal of Economic Entomology 96(6): 1967-1973 Mirocha C J, Pathre, SV, Bethsehauerhamer and Christensen C.M , 1976 Natural occurrence of Fusarium toxins in feed stuff Applied Microbiology 32: 553 Mohan S, Palani Swamy S, Sugandhy M and Thiruselvan S, 2004 TNAU gadgets for the management of stored product insects in food grains Pestology 28(9) Pingale S, 1976 Handling of stored food grains Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi Pramod Kumar Reddy K and Dharma Reddy K, 1996 Genotypic resistance to major storage pests in sorghum Thesis submitted to Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University Sandhya Rani Ch, Vijaya Lakshmi K, 1998 Reaction of chick pea varieties to pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L and control with vegetable oils Thesis submitted to Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University Subramanyam, Bh., J Heaps and P Harein 1993 Insecticide recommendations for food processing plants University of Minnesota Extension service FS- 3921-A Srinivas V and Dharma Reddy K, 2004 Evaluation of various products of grain protectants against rice moth in maize Journal of Research, ANGRAU 32(4): 24-33 Veeranki Srinivas, 1998 Relative abundance of stored grain pests of maize (Zea mays, L.) and their management, M.Sc (Ag.) thesis submitted to Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University Biodata of investigators: Principal Investigator: a) Name : Dr T Uma Maheswari uma_ento@yahoo.co.in 040-24015161-163 ext 377 (O) 91- 9949818949 (M) b) Designation : Associate Professor c) Date of Birth : 28.05.1964 d) Institution : College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad e) Qualification : Ph D in Agricultural Entomology f) Professional Experience : 14 years g) Number of Publications : 25 h) Number of PG students guided: i) Present area of Research : Biological Control of crop pests j) Relevant and recent publications: Worked as Senior Scientist – Seed Entomology at National Seed Project, Rajendranagar and submitted report on efficacy of grain protectants in the management of stored grain pests namely Rhizopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitotraga cereallela and Callosobruchus chinensis infesting millets and pulses Studies were carried out on the efficacy of the biopesticide, Spinosad on R dominica in rice and Callosobruchus chinensis in black gram and red gram 2 Co- Principal Investigators: a) Name : Dr K Dharma Reddy kdharmareddy_6@ yahoo.com 040-24015161-163 ext 377 (O) 91- 9441258473 (M) b) Designation : Professor c) Date of Birth : 02.01.1956 d) Institution : College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad e) Qualification : Ph D in Agricultural Entomology f) Professional Experience : 21 years g) Number of Publications : 49 h) Number of PG students guided: 16 i) Present area of Research : Pest Management j) Relevant and recent publications: V Srinivas K Dharma Reddy and Y Sreedhar, 2001 Study on food consumption and utilization parameters of rice Corcyra cephalonica SHASHPA (A Journal of Entomological Research) 8(1): 51-53 K Pramod Kumar Reddy B.V Singh and K Dharma Reddy, 2002 Sorghum, resistance to the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.): Antixenosis Insect Science Application 22(1): 9-19 Srinivas Veeranki K Dharma Reddy and Y Sridhar, 2003 Management of Sitophilus zeamais in stored maize using grain protectants Indian J Ent 65(4): 492-495 K Pramod Kumar Reddy K Dharma Reddy andB.W Singh, 2003 Components of resistance in sorghum to the rice weevil Indian J Ent 64(3): 262-274 S Veeranki and K Dharma Reddy, 2004 Evaluation of various products of grain Protectants against rice moth in maize J Research, ANGRAU 32(4): 24-33 Co- Principal Investigators: a) Name : Dr K Vijaya Lakshmi 040-24015161-163 ext 377 (O) 91- (M) b) Designation : Associate Professor c) Date of Birth : 01.05.1965 d) Institution : College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad e) Qualification : Ph D in Agricultural Entomology f) Professional Experience : 14 years g) Number of Publications : 30 h) Number of PG students guided: i) Present area of Research : Pest Management j) Relevant and recent publications: Sandhya Rani Ch, Vijaya Lakshmi K and Arjuna Rao P, 2000 Vegetable oils as surface protectants against bruchid, Callosobruchus chinensis infestation on chick pea Indian journal of Plant Protection 30(1): 81-83 Ramakrishna D, Vijaya Lakshmi K and Ratna sudhakar T, 2003 Friendly approaches in management of Sitophilus oryzae in maize Proc of National Symposium on Frontier areas of Entomological Research Nov 5-7, New Delhi Sandhya Rani Ch and Vijaya Lakshmi K, 2004 Reaction of chick pea varieties to pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis on the basis of biological parameters and physicochemical characters Pest Management and Economic Zoology 12(2)): 123-129 Information for Principal Investigator First : Telugu Middle : Uma Last : Maheswari List / Names of other individuals on : Project and primary responsibility Dr K Dharma Reddy Professor Department of Entomology Dr K Vijaya Lakshmi Associate Professor Department of Entomology Dr.K.Bala Swamy, Principal scientist (Agronomy) ARI,Rajendranagar,Hyderabad Dr K.V Rao Associate Professor EEI, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad Dr G Uma Devi Senior Scientist (Path.) Rice Research Institute Rajendranagar, Hyderabad Dr A Ankaiah Professor Department of Seed Science & Technology Dr Ratnaker Professor EEI, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad Dr D V Subba Rao Professor, Dept.of E conomics,,CA,Rajendranagar Mailing Address :Dept of Entomology, College of Agriculture Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University Rajendranagar, Hyderabad- 500 030 City :Hyderabad ... quantitative losses due to diseases 2) Stored grain insect pest Management : a) Management of stored grain pests with low risk grain protectants b) Management of stored grain pests with vaccum fumigation... 2004 Evaluation of various products of grain protectants against rice moth in maize Journal of Research, ANGRAU 32(4): 24-33 Veeranki Srinivas, 1998 Relative abundance of stored grain pests of maize... implementation of the proposal: To have clear idea with regard to the store climate as well as store commodity, there is a need to have an understanding about the pest, its behaviour, stored community