Index 478 Antiviral agents 338 Apolipoprotein B 196 Apomorphine 149, 257 Applications 13 Aqua 12 Arbaprostil 226 Ardeparin 244 Arecholine 158 Artemether 350, 354 Artemisinin 353 Ardeparin 244 Artesunate 350, 353 Artether 350, 353 Asafoetida Aspirin 246 Astemizole 216 Astringent Atenolol 148, 152, 176, 179, 186 Atherosclerosis 195 Atorvastatin 195, 196 Atracurium 111, 112 Atrial fibrillation 172 Atrial flutter 172 Atropine 68, 161, 163, 172, 190, 254 Atropine methonitrate 163, 164, 232 AUC 29 Auranofin 84 Autacoid 215 Azathioprine 92, 372, 379 Azelastine 219 Azithromycin 331, 332, 365 Azoreductase 34 B Bacillus subtilis Bacitracin 335 Baclofen 111, 113 Bacterial 30S ribosomes 327 Balsams Bambuterol 133, 232, 233 Barbiturate poisoning 71 Barbiturates 65, 69, 70 106 Beclomethasone dipropionate 232, 282 Belladona β-endorphin 75 Benoxinate 118 Benserzide 125 Benzathine penicillin G 318 Benzhexol 126 Benzocaine 114, 117 Benzodiazepines 70, 71, 98 Benzoic acid 345, 347 Benzoquinonium 111 Benzothiazides 203, 204 Benztropine 125, 163 Benzyl penicillin 317, 318 Beta adrenergic blockers 149 Beta blockers 99 Beta lactam antibiotics 303 Beta receptors 131 Betamethasone 282, 285 Betaxolol 151 Bethanechol 154, 157 Bicuculline 120 Biguanides 279 Bioavailability 28 Biological half-life (t½) 36 Biopharmaceutics 25 Biperiden 125, 163 Bisacodyl 253 Bishydroxycoumarin 244 Bisoprolol 148, 152 β-lactamase inhibitors 321 Bleomycin 371, 375 Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) 30 Botropase 241 Bougies 7, 12 Bretylium 190, 193 British National Formulary British Pharmaceutical Codex Broad spectrum penicillins 319 Bromhexine 231 Bromocriptine 125, 273 Bronchial asthma 231 Bronchodilators 231 Buclizine 216 Bufotoxin 171 Bulaquine 350, 351 Bumetanide 204, 206 Bupivacaine 114, 117 Buprenorphine 80 Buspirone 99 Busulfan 371, 373 Butabarbitone 67, 70 Butorphanol 80, 81 Butoxamine 148, 153 C Cachets 12 Caffeine 119 Calcitonin 293 Calcium 240 Calcium carbonate 263 Calcium channel blockers 182, 193 Capreomycin 365, 368 Capsules 10 Captopril 176, 180 Carbachol 154, 157 Carbacyclin 226 Carbamazepine 106, 107, 211 Carbenicillin 318, 321 Carbenoxolone sodium 263, 266 Carbidopa 125 Carbimazole 294 Carbocisteine 230 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 204 ,207 Carcinogenicity 47, 49 Cardiac arrhythmias 189 Cardiac glycosides 169 Carisoprodol 111, 113 Carminative Carvedilol 148, 152, 176, 179 Castor oil 4, 253 Index Cavallotoxin 171 Cefaclor 322, 323 Cefadroxil 322 Cefazolin 322 Cefepime 322, 325 Cefixime 322, 325 Cefoperazone 322, 325 Cefotaxime 322, 324 Cefoxitin 322, 324 Cefpirome 322, 325 Ceftazidime 324 Ceftizoxime 322, 325 Ceftriaxone 322, 325 Cefuroxime 322 Ceilling dose 45 Celecoxib 84, 91 Celiprolol 148, 153 Cemetidine 263 Cephalexin 322, 323 Cetrizine 216, 218 Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) 77, 257 Chemotherapy 3, 303 Chewable tablets 11 Chlopromazine 68 Chloral hydrate 67 Chlorambucil 371, 373 Chloramphenicol 313 Chlordiazepoxide 70, 73 Chloroquine 349, 350, 356, 357 Chlorothiazide 203, 204, 304 Chlorpheniramine maleate 216, 231 Chlorpromazine 95, 96, 145, 222, 258 Chlorpropamide 211, 277, 278 Chlortetracycline 311 Chlorthalidone 204 Chlorzoxazone 112 Cholestyramine 195, 198 Cholinergic agents 154 Cholinesterase 156 Chorionic gonadotrophin 5, 272 479 Chromium 391 Cimetidine 263 Cinchona Cinnarizine 216, 222 Ciprofloxacin 308, 309, 365 Cisapride 258, 259 Cisplatin 372, 379 Citalopram 101, 103 Clarithromycin 331, 333, 365, 369, 370 Clavulanic acid 318, 321 Clearance 36 Clindamycin 331, 333 Clobazam 106, 109 Clofazimine 369, 370 Clofibrate 195, 197 Clomiphene citrate 285, 287 Clonazepam 70, 73, 106, 108 Clonidine 176, 177 Clotrimazole 345 Clotting factors 239, 240 Cloxacillin 318, 319 Clozapine 95, 98 Coagulants 240 Coagulation 239 Coca butter Cocaine 115 Cod liver oil 4, Codeine 76, 78, 231, 254, 256 Colchicine 84, 93 Colestipol 195, 198 Colistin 334 Collodions 12 Colloid iodine 294 Colloidal ferric hydroxide 248 Combined pills 297 Competitive antagonism 44 Complexation 27 Compressed pessaries 12 Congestive heart failure (CHF) 169 Conjugation reaction 32 Convulsants 120 Corticosteroids 93, 235 Corticotropin releasing factor 271 Cough 229, 253 COX-2 Inhibitors 91 Creams 6, 13 Cretinism 293 Cross tolerance 42 Cushing’s syndrome 271 Cyanocobalamin 388 Cyclazocine 80 Cyclizine hydrochloride 216 Cyclopenthiazide 204 Cyclopentolate 163, 164 Cyclophosphamide 371, 372 Cyclopirox olamine 345, 347 Cyclopropane 61, 62 Cycloserine 365, 367 Cyclosporin 92, 372, 379 Cyproheptadine 216, 222 Cyproterone acetate 290, 291 Cytarabine 371, 374 Cytochrome P450 31 Cytokine receptors 43 D Dactinomycin 375 Dalteprin 244 Danaparoid 244, 245 Danazol 290, 291 Danthron 253 Dantrolene 111 Deamination 31 Degraded gelatin polymer 199 Dehydroemetine 356 Delayed hypersensitivity 49 Demeclocycline 311 Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate 298 Depot tablets 11 Dermojet Desacetyl lanatoside-C 171 Desflurane 64 Desmopressin 211 Index 480 Desoxycorticosterone acetate 282 Dexamethasone 282, 285 Dexamphetamine 119, 133 Dextran 40 199 Dextran 70 199 Dextromethorphan 231 Dextropropoxyphene 76, 79 Dextrose 201 Diabetes insipidus 205, 210, 211 Diacetyl morphine 76 Diazepam 62, 66, 67, 70, 72, 99, 106 Diazoxide 186 Dibucaine 114, 117 Diclofenac 84, 90 Dicyclomine 163, 165, 258 Diethyl carbamazine 362 Diethylstilbestrol 285, 298 Diflunisal 84 Digitalis 4, 169, 190 Digitalization 172 Digitoxin 171 Digoxin 171 Dihydrocodeine 76 Dihydroergotamine 145 Dihydroergotoxine 119, 121, 145 Diiodohydroxyquin 356 Diisopropyl fluorophosphate 154, 160 Diloxanide furoate 356 Diltiazem 176, 182, 190 Dinoprost 226 Diphenhydramine 125, 216, 217, 231, 258 Diphenhydrinate 258 Diphenoxylate 254 Diphenylhydantoin (Phenytoin) 106 Dipyridamole 186, 187 Direct vasodilators 183 Disopyramide 190, 191 Dissolution rate 27 Distigmine 154, 160 Distribution of drug 29 Diuretics 203 DMARDs 92 DNA gyrase 308 Dobutamine 136 Docetaxel 372, 377 Docusate sodium 253 Dolasetron 259 Domperidone 258 Donepezil 122, 154 Dopamine 133, 135 Dopamine receptors 131 Dosage interval 37 Dose-response Curve 45 Dothiepin 101, 102 Doxapram 119 Doxazosin 145, 148, 176, 178 Doxepin 101 Doxorubicin 371, 375 Doxycycline 311, 312 Doxylamine succinate 258 d-Penicillamine 84, 92 Drogue Droperidol 62, 68, 95, 97 Drops 10 Drug antagonism 44 Drug interactions 51 Drug receptors 42 Drug resistance 42 Drug withdrawal symptoms 47 Drug-receptor interaction 43 Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 21 δ-Tubocurarine 111 Duodenal ulcer 262 Dusting Powder 12 Dwarfism 270 E Ear cone 12 Ear/eye/nasal drops 13 Ebastine 219 Econazole 345, 346 ED50 (median effective dose) 46 Edrophonium 154, 160 Efavirenz 338, 341 Effervascent granules 10 Effervascent powder 11 Eflornithine 359, 364 Eicosanoids 225 Elemental iron 248 Elixirs 10, 12 Emetics 257 Emetine 356, 357 Emetine bismuth iodide 356 Emulsions 10, 12 Enalapril 176, 180 Enema 7, 13 Enfenamic acid 84 Enoxaparin 244 Enprostil 226, 263, 266 Enteric-coated 12 Enterohepatic circulation 35 Epastigmine 121 Ephedrine 133, 136, 232 Epirubicin 375 Epoxidation 31 Erdosteine 231 Erectile dysfunction 148 Ergot alkaloids 145, 146, 222 Ergotamine 145, 222 Erythirtyl tetranitrate 186 Erythromycin 331 Erythropoietin 249 Estradiol 285 Estrogens 281, 285 Ethacrynic acid 204, 206 Ethambutol 365, 367 Ethamsylate 241 Ether (Diethyl ether) 62 Ethinyl estradiol 285, 297, 372 Ethionamide 365, 367, 369, 370 Index 481 Ethoheptazine 76, 79 Ethosuximide 106, 108 Etidocaine 114 Etomidate 66 Expectorant 229 Extrinsic pathway 240 Eye applicaps 10 F 5-Fluorouracil 371 Famciclovir 338, 339 Famotidine 263, 264 Fat soluble vitamins 383 Felbamate 106 Feminism 271 Fenoterol 133 Fentanyl 62, 76, 79 Feracrylum 241, 242 Ferric ammonium citrate 248 Ferric glycerophosphate 248 Ferritin 248 Ferrous amionate 248 Ferrous gluconate 248 Ferrous glycine sulphate 248 Ferrous succinate 248 Ferrous sulphate 248 Fexofenadine 216, 219 Fibrin stabilizing factor 240 Fibrinogen 240 Fibrinolysis 242 Fibrinolytics 245 First order kinetics 36 Fixed oils Flavouring agent Flavoxate 163, 165 Fluconazole 345, 346 Flucytosine 345 Fluocinolone 282 Fluoroquinolones 308 Fluorouracil 374 Fluoxetine 101, 104 Flurbiprofen 84, 88 Flurdocortisone 282 Flutamide 290, 291 Folic acid 383, 384, 389 Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 269, 272 Fosfestrol 372, 377 Fosphenytoin 107 Fosracetam 121 Framycetin 327, 329 Furazolidone 307, 356, 358 Furosemide 71, 204, 304 G G-6-PD deficiency 351 Gabapentin 109 Galantamine 122 Ganciclovir 338, 340 Gargles 6, 11, 13 Gastric ulcer 262 Gatifloxacin 308, 310 Gels 10, 12 Gemfibrozil 195, 197 Gentamicin 327, 328 Giardiasis 359 Gigantism 270 Ginkgo biloba 122 Glibenclamide 277, 278 Gliclazide 277, 279 Glimepiride 277, 279 Glipizide 277, 278 Globin zinc insulin 276 Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 34 Glucocorticoids 271, 281, 282 Glucuronide conjugation 32 Glutathione conjugation 32 Gluthemide 67 Glycerinated haemoglobin 248 Glycerine 231 Glycerol suppositories 253 Glyceryl trinitrate 185 Glycine conjugation 33 Glycopyrrolate 163, 165 Glycosides Gold compounds 84, 92 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) 21 Gossypol 299 Gout 93 G-protein 43 Granistetron 258 Granules 10 Graves’ disease 295 Grey baby syndrome 40 Griseofulvin 345 Growth hormone 269 Growth hormone- releasing factor (GHRF) 270 Guaiphenesin 231 Guanethidine 176, 178 Gugulipid 195, 198 Gumresins H 5-HT blockers 222 5-Hydroxytryptamine 221 Haemodialysis 50 Haemoglobin 248 Haemolytic anaemia 247 Haemoperfusion 50 Haemostasis 239 Haloperidol 68, 95, 97 Halothane 62, 63 Hamycin 345 Hard capsules 10 Hegeman factor 240 Hemosiderin 248 Heparin 243, 244 Heparin antagonists 245 Heparinoids 244 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate 154 Hexobaritone 62 High density lipoproteins (HDL) 195 Histamine 215 HMG CoA reductase inhibitors 196 Homatropine 163, 164 Index 482 Human albumin 199 Human lente insulin 276 Human regular insulin 276 Human soluble insulin 276 Huminsulin 277 Hyaluronidase Hydantoins 106 Hydralazine 176, 183 Hydrochlorthiazide 211 hydrocodone 76 Hydrocortisone 282 Hydrolysis 31, 32 Hydromorphone 76 Hydroxychloroquine 92 Hydroxyethyl starch 199, 200 Hydroxyethyl theophylline 232 hydroxylation 31 Hydroxyurea 372, 378 Hydroxyzine 68, 99 Hyoscine 163, 258 Hyoscine methylbromide 163 Hypercholesterolaemia 196 Hyperlipidemia 195 Hypersenstivity (Drug Allergy) 48 Hypertensive crisis 100 Hypertriglyceridaemia 197 Hypnotics 67, 69 I Iatrogenicity 47 Ibopamine 158 Ibuprofen 84, 88 IDDM 275 Idiosyncrasy 50 Idoxuridine 337, 338 Iloprost 226 Imipramine 101 Immunoglobulins 5, 48 Implants 11 Indapamide 204 Indian pharmacopoeia Indinavir 338, 341 Indomethacin 84, 88, 93 Insufflations 12 Insulin 6, 275 Insulin zinc suspension (Lente insulin 276 Insulin zinc suspension ‘extended’ (Ultralente 276 Insulin zinc suspension ‘prompt’ (Semilente) 276 Interferons 338, 342, 372, 379 Intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) 195 Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) 269, 272 Intra-articular Intracardiac Intracellular receptors 43 Intradermal Intramedullary Intramuscular Intraperitoneal Intrathecal Intravenous Intrinsic pathway 240 Inverse agonist 43 Iodine (Lugol’s solution) 294 Iodochlorohydroxyquin 356 Ipecacuanha 257 Ipratropium bromide 163, 164, 232 Irbesartan 176, 181 Irinotecan 372 Iron 247 Iron calcium complex 248 Iron choline citrate 248 Iron dextran 248 Irrigation Irrigators 13 Isocarboxazid 101 isoetharine 133 Isoflurane 62, 64 Isoniazid 365 Isoprenaline 125, 133, 137, 190, 232 Isopropamide 163, 165 Isosorbide 5-mononitrate 186 Isosorbide dinitrate 4, 186, 187 Isosorbide-5-mononitrate 187 Isotretinoin 385 Isoxsuprine 133, 138 Ispaghula 253, 254 Itopride 258, 260 Itraconazole 345, 346 Ivermectin 362, 363 J Jellies 6, 13 K Kanamycin 327, 329, 365, 368 Kaolin 254 Ketamine 62, 66 Ketanserin 222, 223 Ketoconazole 345, 346 Ketoprofen 88 Ketorolac tromethamine 84 Ketotifen 232, 235 Kinins 215 L Labetalol 148, 152, 176, 180 Lactogenic hormone 269, 273 Lactulose 253 Lamivudine 338, 340 Lamotrigine 106, 110 Lanatoside-C 171 L-Asparaginase 372, 378 Laxatives 253 LD50 (Median lethal dose) 46 Leishmaniasis (kala-azar) 358 Lemon oil ... 133 Dextran 40 199 Dextran 70 199 Dextromethorphan 231 Dextropropoxyphene 76, 79 Dextrose 201 Diabetes insipidus 205, 210, 211 Diacetyl morphine 76 Diazepam 62, 66, 67, 70, 72, 99, 106 Diazoxide... Hydromorphone 76 Hydroxychloroquine 92 Hydroxyethyl starch 199, 200 Hydroxyethyl theophylline 232 hydroxylation 31 Hydroxyurea 372, 378 Hydroxyzine 68, 99 Hyoscine 163, 258 Hyoscine methylbromide 163 Hypercholesterolaemia... Glycopyrrolate 163, 165 Glycosides Gold compounds 84, 92 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) 21 Gossypol 299 Gout 93 G-protein 43 Granistetron 258 Granules 10 Graves’ disease 295 Grey baby syndrome 40 Griseofulvin