Index sedentarization 572 sedentary communities 15–16 hunting, fishing, and gathering 571 nomadic and pastoral societies 786 sedentary societies 1012 sediment cores 235 seed crops 47, 48 seers 852 seine net 574 seismography 934 Seleucid Dynasty art 100 borders and frontiers 143 empires and dynasties 401 migration and population movements 714 Semitic languages 1186–1187 Semna dispatches 141f Semonides 506 Senate, Roman cities 228 empires and dynasties 414 government organization 509, 531, 533 social organization 1037 Seneca 942, 942f Senegal River valley 344 Senenmut 1015 senet children 189, 190f sports and recreation 1049, 1051 Sennacherib (king of Assyria) architecture 63–64 art 100 children 191 cities 213 roads and bridges 886 scandals and corruption 911 ships and shipbuilding 978 senyu economy 348 money and coinage 753 serfs 988 serpentine (mineral) 743 Serpent Mound education 386 sacred sites 907 Servius Tullius (king of Rome) 367 Sesebi 1088 Sesostris I (king of Egypt) art 94 borders and frontiers 142 climate and geography 242 drama and theater 330 Sesostris II (king of Egypt) cities 207 economy 350 settlement patterns 964 towns and villages 1088 Sesostris III (king of Egypt) borders and frontiers 142 government organization 514 migration and population movements 694 resistance and dissent 871 transportation 1112 Seth (Egyptian god) 23 Seti I (king of Egypt) architecture 60 employment and labor 427 government organization 514 laws and legal codes 623 military 727 roads and bridges 885 scandals and corruption 910 settlement patterns 961–974 Africa 962–964 Americas 972–973 Asia and the Pacific 967–968 Egypt 964–966 Europe 968–970 Greece 970–971 Middle East 966–967 Rome 971–972 social collapse and abandonment 1001–1002 settlements xxv agriculture 24–27 cities 206, 221, 222 nomadic and pastoral societies 788–789 science 923 social collapse and abandonment 1005 Seven Hills of Rome 261 Severan Dynasty 416–417 sewers 1093 sewing clothing and footwear 278, 279 textiles and needlework 1077 sexagesimal system numbers and counting 800 science 929 sexuality gender structures and roles 497–498, 502 slaves and slavery 991 social organization 1021 Shabaka (pharaoh of Egypt) crafts 285 empires and dynasties 395 literature 642 war and conquest 1124, 1130 shadoof agriculture 19, 21, 28, 44 building techniques and materials 152 climate and geography 240 inventions 595 shaft furnace inventions 600–601 metallurgy 686 science 923, 924 shamans cities 233 drama and theater 328, 329, 333, 338 education 386 employment and labor 426 festivals 470–471 government organization 507, 522 health and disease 545, 556 laws and legal codes 630 religion and cosmology 862, 863 Shamshi-Adad (king of Assyria) 397, 398 Shang Dynasty art 102–104 astronomy 128 building techniques and materials 156, 157 ceramics and pottery 180 cities 202, 216–217 crafts 289, 290 crime and punishment 300 death and burial practices 316, 317 drama and theater 332 economy 355–356 empires and dynasties 403, 404m festivals 466 government organization 519 hunting, fishing, and gathering 577 inventions 598, 599 military 730 natural disasters 779 numbers and counting 801 occupations 812 religion and cosmology 847–848 sacred sites 901 social organization 1024– 1025 trade and exchange 1100 transportation 1115 war and conquest 1136 writing 1187 Shang Yang 626 Shan hai jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas) 746 shawls 272, 276, 277, 281 See also chadar 1277 Sheba, queen of See Makeda (queen of Axum) sheep agriculture 26, 34, 38 nomadic and pastoral societies 788, 795 sheet metal 683, 687 shekel money and coinage 755 weights and measures 1175, 1176 shellfish 576, 577 shemu agriculture 22 climate and geography 240 Shendao 67 shenut 1063 shepherds 257 Shetrone, Henry 322 shi class 873–874 shield 1162, 1163, 1165, 1167, 1169–1170, 1170f shield bearers 1132, 1134 Shih-chi (Historical Records) 652 Shi Huangdi (emperor of China) 156 Shin-eqi-unninni 647 ships and shipbuilding 974–985 Africa 974–975 Americas 983–985 Asia and the Pacific 978–979 economy 362 Egypt 975–977 Europe 979–980 Greece 980–981 Middle East 977–978 occupations 815 Rome 982–983 seafaring and navigation 957 transportation 1118, 1119 war and conquest 1129 “Shipwrecked Sailor” literature 646 natural disasters 784 shipwrights 982 shirt, mandarin 277 Shixiangguo 216 shoes 276, 277, 279 shopkeepers 1099 short armor 1164 showers 563 shrines architecture 73 cities 210 religion and cosmology 855, 865 sacred sites 902, 904 shrouds 316 Shudras 1024 Shulgi of Ur 192